3형식 목적어 : 동사+to부정사/동명사
● 할 일은 to부정사, 한 일은 동명사
● 하고 싶은 to부정사, 하기 싫은 동명사
● to 부정사 or 동명사 목적어 (3형식)
| 할 일/하고 싶은 일 | 한 일/하기 싫은 일 |
| want to hope to expect to long to desire to would like to agree to consent to ask to beg to demand to decide to determine to choose to intend to plan to prepare to clam to vow to(맹세) manage to attempt to endeavor to seek to strive to pretend to promise to tend to fail to need to refuse to afford to deserve to hesitate to threaten to |
enjoy -ing
|
● to 부정사 목적어
** offer to
** ask to
** afford to ~능력이 되다.
** mean to ~의도하다, ~작정하다
afford to ~할 수 있다 : He could not afford to go every night.
agree to ~하는 것에 동의하다 : We agreed to start at once.
appear to ~한 것 같다 : He appears (to be) rich.
arrange to ~을 준비하다, 타협하다 : They arranged to start early in the morning.
beg to ~을 간청하다 : I beg to inform you that … (상용문) ~에 관해 알려드립니다.
care to ~하고 싶다고 생각하다 : I don't care to see her.
choose to ~하기로 결정하다 : We chose to have a villa there.
consent to ~에 동의하다 : He consented to make a speech.
dare to 감히 ~하다 : He does not dare to do it.
decide to ~을 결정하다 : He has decided to become a doctor.
expect to ~할 예정이다, ~할 셈이다 : I expect to succeed.
fail to ~하지 못하다 : I fail to see. 나는 모르겠다.
happen to 우연히 ~하다 : Do you happen to remember his name?
help (to) ~을 돕다 : He helped (to) paint the house.
hesitate to ~을 망설이다 : He hesitated to make a decision.
hope to ~을 바라다 : We hope to see you soon again.
learn to ~을 배우다 : He is learning to swim.
manage to 간신히 ~하다 : I will manage to be in time.
offer to ~을 제안하다, 시도하다 : He offered to carry my bag.
plan to ~을 계획하다 : We are planning to make a tour next month.
prepare to ~을 준비하다 : They prepare to climb down.
pretend to ~인 체하다 : He pretended to be indifferent.
promise to ~할 듯하다, 약속하다 : It promises to be warm. He promised to help us.
refuse to ~을 거절하다 : He refused to discuss the question.
request to ~을 요구하다 : I request to be informed of the current affairs.
seem to ~한 것 같다 : He seemed to think so to me.
swear to ~을 맹세하다 : She swore to tell the truth.
trouble to 수고하다, 일부러 ~하다 : Don't trouble to write.
wish to 바라다 : I wish to go abroad.
claim to ~을 주장하다 : He claimed to have reached the top of the mountain.
neglect to ~을 하지 않다 : It's dangerous to neglect to have proper treatment
some people tend to resist change.
The poor woman couldn't afford to get a smartphone.
More girls avoid showering after PE classes than boys do.
She denies attempting to murder her husband.
● 동명사ing 목적어
"2pm, add fed"
2p = practice, postpone
m = mind
a = avoid
d = delay
d = dislike
f = finish
e = enjoy
d = deny
admit –ing ~을 허락하다, 수용하다 : He admitted having stolen the money.
appreciate –ing ~를 감사하다 : I would very much appreciate receiving a copy of the book.
avoid –ing ~을 피하다 : I could not avoid saying so.
consider –ing ~을 생각하다 : I first considered writing to her, but then decided to see her.
contemplate –ing ~을 생각하다 : He contemplated going to some health resort.
defer –ing ~을 늦추다, 연기하다 : He often defers making a decision.
delay –ing ~을 늦추다, 연기하다 : Why have you delayed writing to him?
deny –ing ~을 부인하다 : He denied having said so.
detest –ing ~을 혐오하다 : I detest being interrupted.
discontinue –ing ~을 중단하다 : He had to discontinue (paying) those weekly visits.
dislike –ing ~을 싫어하다 : I dislike living in a large city.
discuss –ing ~을 논의하다 : We discussed joining the club.
enjoy –ing ~을 즐기다 : We enjoyed driving along the new expressway.
escape –ing ~을 벗어나다 : He narrowly escaped being hurt in the accident.
fancy –ing ~하고싶다 : Do you fancy going out this evening?
finish –ing ~ 끝내다 : He finished writing a letter.
give up –ing 포기하다 : You ought to give up smoking.
hinder –ing 방해하다 : Age hinders my moving swiftly.
imagine –ing 상상하다 : Mary could not imagine marrying John.
involve –ing 포함하다, 의미하다 : It would involve living apart from my family.
keep –ing ~하기를 계속하다 : The baby kept crying.
mention –ing> ~라고 말하다 : He mentioned having done that.
mind –ing 싫어하다 : Would you mind shutting the door?
pardon –ing 용서하다 : Pardon my contradicting you. / Pardon me for contracting you.
postpone –ing ~을 미루다 : You must not postpone answering his letter any longer.
practice –ing 연습하다 : Practice playing the piano regularly.
prevent –ing 막다 : Nothing would prevent him(his) speaking out against injustice.
quit –ing 중지하다 : Quit complaining.
recall –ing 기억해내다 : I recalled having met him before.
report –ing 보고하다 : He reported having seen the man at the meeting.
resent –ing 화내다 : Would your wife resent my being with you here?
resist –ing 참다 : I could not resist laughing.
risk –ing 감행하다 : I can't risk getting a puncture in the middle of the night.
stop –ing 중지하다, 방해하다 : I stopped drinking.
suggest –ing 시사하다, 암시하다 : Mary suggested going to the theater.
understand –ing 이해하다 : I just can't understand his taking the money.
anticipate –ing ~을 예상하다 : I anticipate picking up all the information while traveling.
miss –ing ‘~를 놓치다’ ‘~를 그리워하다’ I miss going to school with you when we young.
● to 부정사 or 동명사 - 둘 다 쓰고 의미 같음
*start
*begin
*continue
*like
*love
*hate
attempt
can't bear
deserve, endure
go on
intend
learn, mean, neglect
prefer
teach, try, want
attempt+ ing / to do ~을 시도하다
We attempted to break the lines of the enemy.
We attempted breaking the lines of the enemy.
can’t bear+ ing / to do ~을 참지 못하다
He can’t bear being laughed at.
He can’t bear to be laughed at.
begin, start + -ing / to do ~을 시작하다
I began learning(to learn) Korean.
-진행형 뒤에는 to부정사를 쓴다 : I'm beginning to learn Korean. / I’m beginning learning Korean.(X)
-understand, realise, know가 올 때 to부정사
I slowly began to understand how she felt.
I slowly began understanding how she felt.(X)
continue + –ing / to do 계속하다
He continued working for a long time.
He continued to work for a long time.
deserve + -ing / to do ~할 만하다
He deserves helping.
He deserves to have us help him.
endure + -ing / to do 견디다
I cannot endure to see her tortured.
I cannot endure seeing her tortured.
hate + -ing / to do 몹시 싫어하다, 유감으로 생각하다
I hate troubling you.
I hate to trouble you.
intend + -ing / to do ~할 작정이다
I intend going.
I intend to go.
like, love, prefer, hate + -ing / to do
* would like, would prefer, would hate, would love + to do
I like dancing. I like to dance.
I'd like to dance.
I prefer to start early.
I prefer starting early.
neglect + ing / to do 태만하여 ~하지 않다
He neglected to reply to the invitation.
He neglected replying to the invitation.
● to 부정사 or 동명사 - 둘 다 쓰고 의미 다름
forgert, remember to (할 일, 미래), -ing(한 일, 과거)
regret to(**유감이다.), -ing(**한 일을 후회하다)
stop to V(V 하기 위해 멈추다), V-ing(V를 멈추다)
tryt to(열심히 노력하다), -ing(시험 삼아해보다)
mean -ing /that 절 ‘~을 의미하다’
mean to ‘~ 을 의도하다. ~을 할 작정이다’
I remember to take a walk into the woods.
I remember taking a walk into the woods.
I forgot to lock the door.
I forgot locking the door.
remember(forget)+동명사: 과거 일 / remember(forget)+to부정사: 할 일
I'll never forget meeting the Queen.
I forgot to buy the soap.
regret+ -ing : **과거의 행위 후회 / regret+to do: 유감의 표현
We regret leaving school at 14.
We regret to inform passengers that we are unable to help you.
try + -ing: 결과가 어떨지 시험 삼아 해보다 / try + -ing(to부정사): 힘든 일을 애써서 한다
I tried sending her flowers.
I tried to change the wheel. = I tried changing the wheel.
want to do ~하고 싶다 / want ing ~이 필요하다
I want to go to Japan.
These clothes want washing.
go on+동명사: 지속적인 행위 / go on+to부정사: 행위의 변화
She went on talking about her illness until we all went to sleep.
She stopped talking about that and went on to describe her other problems.
learn(teach) + -ing: 학습 내용 언급 / learn(teach) + to do: 학습의 결과 지식을 터득
She goes to college twice a week to learn typing.
She learns to read Korean at school.
I taught myself to type.
mean + -ing: 필연적이거나 주요 요소로 포함되어야 한다
mean + to부정사: ~할 의도이다
If you want to pass the exam it will mean studying hard.
I don't think she means to get married for the moment. 그녀는 지금 결혼할 생각이 없어 보여.
*참고
to 부정사를 목적어로 취하는 동사라 해서 무조건 to 부정사만 온다는 말은 아님.
I want a car. 명사 목적어
I hope that you will come. that절
가능
다만 동명사가 오지 못하고 to부정사가 온다는 것이 중요
I want going home. (X)
I want to go home. (O)
나 집에 가고 싶어.
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