O
obedient : submissive, docile : 순종하는, 유순한
object* : protest, remonstrate : 반대하다, 항의하다
objective : unprejudiced, unbiased, impartial, fair : 객관적인
obligation : requirement, duty, responsibility : 의무, 책무
oblige : require, compel, force, coerce : 어쩔수 없이 ~하게 하다
obscure : unclear, uncertain, ambiguous, indistinct, blurred : 분명치 않은, 불명료한
observance : fulfillment, performance :
observation : noticing, perceiving, watching : 관찰, 주목
observe : 1. perceive, notice, watch : 관찰하다
2. comply, conform, follow, fulfill : 준수하다, 지키다
obstacle : obstruction, hindrance, impediment, interference, block : 장해물, 방해물
obstinate : unyielding, stubborn, inflexible, headstrong, dogged : 완고한, 고집센
obstruct : block, stop, bar, hinder, barricade, impede : 막다, 차단하다
obtain* : get, acquire, procure, secure, gain, achieve, attain, earn, win : 얻다, 손에 넣다
obvious : plain, manifest, evident, clear, apparent, distinct : 명백한, 분명한
occult : mysterious, secret, unknown, mystical : 숨은 신비스러운
occupation : calling, trade, business, profession, vocation, pursuit : 직업, 업무
occupy : capture, seize : 점령하다, 점거하다
occur : happen, befall : 일어나다, 생기다
occurrence : event, incident, affair : 발생, 사건
odd : unusual, strange, weird, queer, quaint, eccentric, bizarre : 이상한, 기묘한
odor : smell, fragrance, scent, perfume : 냄새 (악취)
offend : irritate, annoy, vex, provoke, gall, fret, displease : 성나게 하다
offense : transgression, sin, misdemeanor, crime, felony : 위반, 범죄, 성내기
offensive : displeasing, irritating, unpleasant, disgusting, disagreeable, annoying : 불쾌한, 무례한
offer : present, proffer, tender : 제공하다, 제출하다
old : aged, elderly, ancient, antiquated, antique : 나이먹은
old-fashioned: outmoded, antique, obsolete, archaic : 유행에 뒤떨어진, 구식의, 고풍의
ominous : foreboding : 불길한, ~의 전조의
omnipresent : ubiquitous : 어디에나 있는
only : sole, single, unique : 유일한
operate : work, manage : 움직이다, 일하다
operation : transaction, business, affair : 사업, 작동
operative : effective, efficient, effectual : 효력있는
opponent : adversary, antagonist, contestant, enemy, foe : 적대의 반대의
opportune : timely, seasonable : 시기가 좋은, 알맞은
opportunity : chance, occasion : 기회, 호기
oppose : resist, object : 반대하다
opposite : contrary, reverse : 마주보고 있는, 반대편의
oppress : maltreat, persecute : 압박하다, 학대하다
oppression : tyranny, despotism, persecution : 압박, 억압
oral : verbal, spoken, vocal : 구두의, 구술의
orbit : path, course : 궤도
ordeal : trial, test : 시련, 괴로운 체험
order : direction, mandate, command : 명령하다, 지시하다
orderly : regular, systematic, methodical : 규칙적인, 규율이 있는
ordinary : common, usual, customary, accustomed, habitual : 평상의 보통의
organic : systematic : 유기체의
organize : construct, form, constitute : 조직하다, 정리하다
original : inventive, creative : 독창적인, 창의성이 풍부한
originate : spring, emanate, initiate : 시작하다, 일으키다
ornament : decorate, adorn, embellish : 꾸밈, 장식
outbreak* : 1. epidemic, plague, rash. :
2. explosion, burst, outburst, gust, eruption :
outcome : result, consequence : 결과, 성과
outdo : surpass, excel : ~보다 낫다, 능가하다
outlaw : criminal : 무법자, 불량배
outline : contour, silhouette, sketch, draft, block out, rough in, rough out : 윤곽, 약도
outlive : survive : ~보다 오래살다, 견뎌내다
outrage : insult, abuse, maltreat, injure, offend : (법률, 도덕)을 범하다, 어기다
outspoken : frank, open candid : 거리낌없이 말하는
outstanding : prominent, eminent, conspicuous, striking : 눈에 띄는, 현저한
overcome : conquer, defeat, subdue, crush, surmount : 이기다, 압도하다
overlook : disregard, neglect, ignore : 너그럽게 보아주다, 못본체하다
overpower : overcome, overwhelm, vanquish, subjugate, subdue, crush, defeat, conquer,
beat : 이기다, 압도하다
oversee : supervise, superintend, survey, watch, overlook : 감독하다, 두루 살피다
oversight : mistake, blunder, slip, error : 간고, 빠뜨리고 못봄
overthrow : upset, overturn, subvert : 뒤엎다, 전복하다
overwhelm : overpower, crush : 압도하다, 전복시키다
own : acknowledge, admit, allow, recognize : 소유하다
P
pace : step, gait, walk, step : 한걸음, 한발짝
pacific : peaceful, calm, tranquil, quiet : 평온한
pacify : calm, tranquilize, assuage, ameliorate : 평화롭게 하다, 진정되다
pack : package, bundle, parcel : 꾸러미, 보따리
pact : compact, contract, bond : 협정, 조약
pain : suffering, distress, torture, torment, pang, ache : 고통, 아픔
painstaking : assiduous, diligent : 근명한
pale : pallid, wan : 창백한
panic : terror, fright, alarm : 공포, 당황
pant : gasp : 숨차다, 헐떡거리다
parallel : corresponding : 평행의, 같은 방향의
paralyze : benumb : 무력하게 하다
paramount : supreme, chief, principal : 최고의, 최고 권위자
pardon : forgive, absolve, condone, acquit : 용서하다
partake : participate, share : 참가하다, 음식을 같이 하다
partial : biased, prejudiced, unfair : 불공평한, 편파적인
partisan : adherent, supporter, follower, disciple : 도당, 일당
partition : divide, separate, apportion : 분할, 분배
passage : way, route, path, lane, thoroughfare : 통로
passion : zeal, ardor, fervor : 열정
passionate : ardent, vehement, zealous, enthusiastic, earnest : 열렬한, 격렬한
passive : inactive, inert : 수동의
pastime : diversion, entertainment, recreation : 소일거리, 오락
patch : mend, repair, fix : 수선하다, 고치다
pathetic : pitiable, touching, moving : 감상적인, 애처로운
patience : endurance, fortitude, perseverance : 인내
patron : protector, supporter, advocate : 후원자, 지지다
pause : rest, suspension, interruption, break, halt : 중지, 중간 휴식
peaceable : pacific, peaceful, amicable, amiable, mild : 평화로운
peaceful : tranquil, placid, serene, calm : 평온한, 조용한
peak : top, rest, summit, acme, pinnacle : 절정, 꼭대기
peculiar : strange, odd, queer, eccentric, bizarre, extraordinary, unique : 특별한
pecuniary : monetary, financial : 재정상의
pedestrian : walker : 보행자
peek : peep, peer, pry : 살짝 엿보다
peer : equal, mate, match : 동료, 대등하다
penetrate : pierce, permeate : 꿰뚫다, 감동시키다
penetrating : piercing, sharp, acute, keen, shrewd : 통찰력 있는
pensive : thoughtful, meditative, reflective : 생각에 잠긴
perceive : see, discern, notice, apprehend, understand : 지각하다, 알아채다
perform : execute, discharge, fulfill, accomplish, achieve : 실행하다, 이행하다
peril : risk, jeopardy, danger, hazard : 위험, 위기
period : age, era, epoch : 기간
periphery* : edge, border, fringe, margin, rim, verge : 주위, 주변, 표면
perish : die, decay, wither, disappear, vanish : 멸망하다, 소멸하다
permanent : lasting, constant, perpetual, everlasting : 불변의, 영구적인
permission : leave, permit, allowance : 허가, 허용
permit : allow, let : 허락하다
perpetual : everlasting, permanent, enduring, eternal, ceaseless, infinite : 영구적인, 끊임없는
perplex : confuse, puzzle : 당혹케 하다
persecute : oppress, harass, molest, afflict : 학대하다, 괴롭히다
persevere : persist, endure : 인내하다, 견디다
persuade : induce, entice : 설득하다
pertinent : appropriate, suitable, fit, proper : 적당한, 적절한
pervade : permeate, penetrate : 널리퍼지다
petition : entreat, supplicate, beg, solicit : 청원, 탄원
picturesque : colorful, scenic, beautiful : 그림같이 아름다운
piece : segment, scrap, shred, fragment : 조각, 단편
pierce : penetrate : 관통하다
pile : heap up, accumulate, assemble, amass, collect : 쌓아 올리다,모으다
pilgrim : wanderer : 나그네, 방랑자
pillar : column, prop : 기둥
pious : devout, reverent, religious : 신앙심 깊은, 경건한
piquant : sharp, pungent : 통렬한, 신랄한
pitiful : pitiable, pathetic, piteous : 가엾은
pitiless : merciless, cruel, ruthless, implacable, relentless, inexorable : 무자비한, 매정한
pity : sympathy, compassion : 동정, 연민
placid : calm, peaceful, tranquil, serene, quiet, undisturbed : 평온한, 침착한
plague : epidemic, outbreak : 전염병의
plain : clear, distinct, lucid, unambiguous, unequivocal, intelligible, evident, manifest,
obvious, apparent : 솔직한, 분명한
platform : stage, scaffold, scaffolding, pulpit : 교단, 강단
plead : entreat, beg, supplicate, reason, defend : 변론하다, 항변하다
plight : predicament, dilemma : 곤경, 궁지
plot : scheme, intrigue, conspiracy : 응모, 계락
plunge : immerse, submerge, dip : 빠지게 하다, 가라앉히다
pointed : sharp, piercing, severe, keen : 뾰족한, 날카로운
poison : venom : 독
polish : brighten, smooth, shine, refine, gloss : 닦다, 광내다
polished : smooth, glossy, shiny : 윤이 나는
polite : courteous, civil, genteel : 예의 바른, 공손한
pollute : dirty, contaminate, corrupt : 더럽히다, 오염시키다
ponder : meditate, reflect, deliberate, muse, weigh, contemplate : 곰곰이 생각하다
popular : common, prevailing, current, general, prevalent : 대중적인, 서민의
port : harbor, haven : 항구
portion : part, section, segment, fragment : 일부, 한 조각
portray : picture, depict, represent, describe : 그리다, 묘사하다
pose : state, assert, propound : 주장하다, 제출하다
position : station, place, locality, site : 위치, 장소
positive : explicit, express, certain, definite, precise : 명확한, 명백한
post : column, pillar, pole : 기둥
postpone : defer, delay, procrastinate, adjourn : 연기하다, 미루다
posture : pose, attitude : 자세, 포즈
potent : powerful, mighty, influential : 유력한, 강력한
potential : possible, latent : 잠재적인
potentially* : possibly : 아마, 혹시
practicable : workable, achievable, attainable : 실행할 수 있는
practice : custom, habit : 습관, 관습
praise : laud, commend, admire, exalt : 칭찬, 숭배
pray : entreat, supplicate, beg, beseech, implore, petition : 기도
precaution : prudence : 조심, 신중
precious : valuable, dear, invaluable, priceless : 귀중한
precise : definite, correct, strict, accurate : 정확한, 정밀한
predict : foretell, prophesy, foresee, forecast : 예언하다, 예보하다
predominant : prevailing, prevalent, dominant : 널리 퍼진
predominate*: prevail, outweigh, surpass, dominate : 우세하다
preeminent : conspicuous, noticeable, outstanding, eminent, celebrated, distinguished : 탁월한, 현저한
prejudice : bias, partiality : 편견, 선입관
preliminary : introductory, preparatory : 예비의, 준비의
premium : bonus, gift, reward : 상금, 상품
preoccupied : absorbed, engrossed : 선정된, 이미 사용된
prescribe : ordain, direct, dictate, decree : 규정하다, 명령하다
presently : immediately, directly, shortly, forthwith, soon : 곧, 이윽고
preserve : keep, conserve, shelter, shield, protect : 보존하다, 유지하다
prestige : reputation, influence, distinction : 명성, 평판
presume : assume, suppose : 추정하다, 가정하다
pretend : feign, affect, assume : ~인체 하다
pretense : pretext, excuse : 핑계, 구실
prevail* : prevalent, predominate, dominant, current, general, common : 우세하다, 널리 보급되다
prevent : hinder, obstruct, hamper, impede, thwart, interrupt : 막다, 방해하다
previous : prior, earlier, former, preceding : 앞의, 이전의
pride : conceit, self-esteem, vanity, arrogance, self-importance : 자랑, 자만심
primary : elementary, fundamental, basic : 근본적인, 기초적인
prime : primary : 첫째의, 최초의
primitive : primeval, uncivilized, uncultured : 원시적인, 미개한
principal* : prime, paramount, capital, chief, foremost, main, leading, cardinal : 주요한, 주된
private : individual, personal, confidential, secret : 사적인, 개인적인
privilege : prerogative : 특권, 특전
probe : examine, explore, investigate : 조사, 탐사
procedure : proceeding, course, process : 절차, 순서
proceed : advance, progress, continue : 나아가다, 진행되다
proclaim : announce, declare, promulgate : 선언하다, 공포하다
procure : acquire, gain, get, secure, win, obtain : 획득하다
prodigious : wonderful, marvelous, amazing, astonishing : 거대한, 막대한
productive : fertile, fruitful : 생산적인, 비옥한
profession : vocation, calling, business, employment : 직업, 전문직
proficient : skilled, adept, skillful : 숙달된, 유창한
profound : deep : 깊은
profusion : abundance, plenty, bounty : 풍부함
progress : advancement, advance, progression : 전진, 진보
progressive : forward, advanced : 전진하는, 발전하는
progressively*: increasingly : 점진적인, 발전하는
prohibit : forbid, inhibit : 금하다
project : plan, scheme, design : 계획하다
prolong : lengthen, extend, protract : 늘리다, 연장하다
promote : further, encourage : 장려하다
prone : inclined, disposed, liable, tending : ~하는 경향이 있는
proof : evidence, testimony : 증거
proper : appropriate, fit, suitable, suited, adapted : 적당한
property : 1. possession, effects, estate : 재산, 자산
2. quality, character, feature, characteristic : 성질, 특질
prophesy : foretell, predict : 예언하다
proponent* : supporter : 지지자
proportion : size, extent, dimensions : 크기, 면적
propose : offer, proffer, suggest : 제안하다
proposition : proposal : 제안, 제의
prospect : anticipation, expectation, outlook, perspective : 전망, 예산
prosper : succeed, thrive, flourish : 번영하다, 성공하다
prosperous : successful, flourishing, thriving : 번영하는, 부유한
protect : defend, guard, shield, shelter, harbor : 보호하다, 막다, 지키다
protest : remonstrate, complain, object : 단언하다, 주장하다
proud : arrogant, haughty, overbearing, self-important : 뽐내는, 자랑하는
prove : confirm, verify, corroborate, validate, substantiate : 입증하다, 판명되다
proverb : maxim, saying : 속담, 격언
provide : furnish, supply, afford : 주다, 공급하다
provision : food, supplies : 준비, 식량, 양식
provoke : enrage, exasperate, vex, irritate : 화나게 하다, 자극하여 ~시키다
prudent : cautious, discreet, careful, wary : 신중한, 현명한
pseudo : sham, counterfeit, false, fake : 허위의, 가짜의
publish : announce, proclaim, declare : 발표하다, 공표하다
purchase : buy, procure : 사다, 구입하다
pure : uncontaminated, clean, spotless, immaculate, unpolluted : 순수한, 깨끗한
purge : purity, cleanse, clear, clean, clarify : 깨끗이 하다, 제거하다
purpose : object, intent, intention, aim, end : 목적, 용도
push : shove, thrust : 밀다, 밀치다
Q
quaint : strange, odd, unusual, extraordinary, uncommon : 기이한, 기묘한
quake : shake, shudder, tremble, shiver, quaver, quiver : 흔들리다, 떨다
qualify : fit, suit, entitle, equip : ~에게 자격을 주다
quality : characteristic, attribute, property, character, trait : 질, 특성
quarrel : dispute, argument, controversy : 말다툼
quick : prompt, rapid, swift, fleet, hasty : 재빠른, 민첩한
quiet : pacific, calm, tranquil, serene : 조용한, 고요한
quit : stop, cease, leave : 그만두다, 떠나다
quiver : shiver. shake, tremble, vibrate, quake, shudder : 흔들리다
R
radiant : shining, bright, brilliant, beaming : 빛나는, 찬란한
radical* : 1. fundamental, basic : 근본적인
2. extreme, revolutionary : 급진적인, 과격한
rage : anger, fury, wrath : 분노, 격노
raise : lift, elevate, hoist : 올리다, 세우다
random : haphazard, aimless : 임의의, 무작위의
range : extent, scope, compass : 가지런히 하다, 정렬시키다
rank : position, standing, station, level : 계급, 등급
rapid : speedy, fast, swift, fleet : 신속한, 재빠른
rapture : ecstasy, joy, delight, bliss, exultation : 황홀, 환희
rare* : scarce, uncommon, exceptional, extraordinary : 드문, 진기한
rascal : scamp, villain, scoundrel : 악한, 불량배
rash : reckless, heedless, indiscreet, imprudent : 무분별한, 무모한
ratify : confirm, sanction, validate : 확인하다, 승인하다
ration : apportion, distribute, mete : 일정한 배급량, 정량
rational : reasonable, sensible : 이성의, 사리에 맞는
raw : crude, rude, uncooked : 날것의, 가공하지 않은
reactionary : repulsive : 반동의, 반발적인
readily : easily, willingly : 서슴없이, 선뜻, 쉽사리
real : actual, factual, authentic, genuine : 실재하는, 현실의
realize : grasp, understand, comprehend, conceive : 이해하다, 깨닫다
realm : sphere, domain, province, field : 왕국, 범위
rear* : nurture, raise, nurse : 기르다, 사육하다
reasonable : rational, logical, sensible, judicious : 분별있는, 사리를 아는
reassure : encourage, comfort : 안심시키다, 다시 용기를 내게 하다
rebel : insurgent, traitor : 반역자
rebellion : mutiny, revolt : 반란, 폭동
rebellious : defiant, rebel, mutinous : 반란하는, 반항하는
rebuke : reprove, reprimand, censure, reproach, scold : 비난하다, 꾸짖다
recall : recollect, remember : 상기하다, 생각해 내다
reciprocal : mutual : 상호간의
recite : rehearse : 옲다, 암송하다
reckless : careless, rash, heedless, imprudent : 앞뒤를 가리지 않는, 무모한
reckon : 1. count, compute, calculate, enumerate : 세다, 계산하다
2. consider, regard, deem : 간주하다
recommend : commend : 추천하다
recompense : compensation, reward : 보답하다, 갚다
reconcile : conciliate, appease : 화해시키다
recover : regain, reclaim, retrieve, restore : 되찾다, 회복하다
reduce : diminish, decrease, abridge, curtail, abate, lessen : 줄이다, 감소시키다
refer : attribute, ascribe, impute : ~의 탓으로 하다
referee : umpire, judge : 심판원
reference : allusion, mention : 언급
refined : purified, clarified, distilled : 정제된, 세련된
reflect : meditate, ponder, deliberate, contemplate, consider, muse : 반사하다, 반영하다
reflection : image : 반사, 반영
reform : better, rectify, correct, amend, ameliorate, mend, improve, repair : 개정하다, 수정하다
refresh : freshen, enliven, reanimate : 상쾌하게 하다, 새롭게 하다
refuge : sanctuary, haven : 피난, 도피
refuse : decline, reject, rebuff : 거절하다, 거부하다
refute : disprove ; (Ant) agree, concur : 반박하다
regain : recover, retrieve : 되찾다
regard : consider, account, deem, hold, suppose : ~이라 여기다, 간주하다
regardless : inattentive, neglectful, indifferent, unconcerned : 부주의한, 관심없는
region : section, province : 지방, 지역
register : enroll, list, record, catalogue : 등록부, 명부
regret : deplore, lament : 유감, 후회
regular : uniform, even, systematic, formal, orderly : 규칙적인, 정기적인
regulate : control, direct, adjust, arrange : 조절하다
regulation : rule, order, law : 규칙, 규정
rehearse : recite, practice, drill, train : 연습하다
reign : rule, govern, prevail, predominate ; (Ant) obey : 군림하다, 통치하다
reinforce : strengthen, intensify : 강화하다
rejoice : delight : 기쁘게 하다
relation : connection, relationship, association, alliance : 관계
relax : loosen, slacken ; (Ant) tighten, intensify : 늦추다, 편하게 하다
release* : 1. free, liberate, loose, discharge : 해방시키다
2. emit, vent, give off, give out, let off. : 공개하다, 발표하다
3. loosen, loose, untie, unbind, unclasp, unfasten : 풀어놓다
relentless : unrelenting, stern, severe, merciless, ruthless, pitiless : 냉혹한, 잔인한
reliable : trustworthy, dependable, infallible : 믿을수 있는
relief : 1. deliverance 2. alleviation, ease : 구제, 구원 / 경감
relieve : ease, alleviate, assuage, mitigate, allay, lighten, soothe, lessen, abate, diminish : 경감하다
religious : pious, devout, reverent : 신앙심 깊은, 경건한
relish : taste flavor, savor : 맛, 풍미
reluctant : unwilling, disinclined, loath, averse : 마음이 내키지 않는
remain : last, abide, endure : 남다, 잔존하다
remainder : remnant, residue, rest : 나머지
remark : comment, utterance, statement : 의견을 말하다
remarkable* : notable, conspicuous, unusual, extraordinary, noteworthy, distinguished : 주목할 만한
remedy : cure, treatment : 치료, 요법
remember : recall, recollect : 생각해내다, 상기하다
remembrance: recollection, reminiscence, memory : 기억, 추억, 회상
remote : distant, removed : 먼, 멀리 떨어진
remove : transfer, transport, carry : 옮기다, 이동하다
render : contribute, afford, present, give, assign : 주다, 해주다
renew : regenerate, renovate : 갱신하다, 되찾다, 회복하다
renown : repute, fame, distinction, eminence, reputation : 명성, 고명
rent : lease, let : 빌리다, 임대하다
repair : mend, remodel, amend, fix : 수리하다, 수선하다
repel : repulse, parry : 쫓아버리다, 물리치다
repent : regret, atone : 후회하다, 뉘우치다
replace : supersede, supplant, substitute : 대체하다, 바꾸다, 교환하다
represent : depict, express, portray : 나타내다, 표현하다
repress : check, suppress, subdue, quell, crush, restrain, curb : 억누르다, 진압하다
reproach : abuse, reprimand, condemn, rebuke, scold, blame : 비난하다, 꾸짖다
reproduce : copy, duplicate, imitate, generate, beget : 재생하다, 복사하다
reprove : rebuke, blame, censure, reproach, reprimand, scold, admonish : 꾸짖다
reputation : repute, honor, fame, distinction, renown : 평판, 명성
request : sue, petition, entreat, beg, supplicate, solicit, beseech : 요청, 부탁하다
require : demand, enjoin : 요구하다, 명령하다
requisite : necessary, essential, indispensable : 필요한, 없어서는 안될
rescue : save, deliver, redeem : 구출하다, 구조하다
research : investigate, study, examine, scrutinize : 연구, 조사
resemblance : analogy, similarity, affinity, similitude, likeness, alikeness : 유사점
reserve : save, retain, keep, hold : 남겨두다
reside : dwell, abide, live, sojourn, lodge, inhabit : 거주하다, 존재하다
residence : dwelling, house, habitation : 주거, 주택
resign : relinquish, abandon, forsake, quit : 사직하다, 사임하다
resilient : rebounding, elastic : 탄력있는
resist : withstand, oppose, confront, counteract, rebuff : 저항하다, 반항하다
resolute : resolved, steadfast, determined : 굳게 결심한, 단호한
resolve : determine, decide, disintegrate, separate, analyze, solve : 결정하다, 분석하다
respect : esteem, deference, veneration, reverence : 존경하다, 중요시하다
respectable : estimable, honorable : 존경할만한
respectful : courteous, polite, well-mannered, civil : 공손한, 정중한
responsible : accountable, answerable, liable : 책임이 있는
restful : calm, tranquil, peaceful, undisturbed, serene, pacific : 편안한, 평온한
restore : renew, renovate, repair, return, recover, revive : 되돌려주다
restrain : check, repress, curb, suppress, restrict : 억제하다, 제지하다
restrict** : confine, limit, restrain, curb : 제한하다, 한정하다
result : outcome, consequence, effect, end : 결과, 성과
retaliate : avenge, requite, revenge : 보복하다, 앙갚음하다
retire : withdraw, retreat, recede, retract : 물러가다, 퇴직하다
reveal : disclose, divulge, unveil ; (Ant) conceal : 드러내다, 폭로하다
reverence : worship, veneration, respect, homage, awe : 존경, 경의
reverse : invert : 뒤집다, 거꾸로 하다
revert* : return, come back. revisit. : 되돌아가다, 복귀하다
review : survey, reexamination : 재조사, 정밀하게 살피다
revise* : change, modify, amend, alter, correct : 교정하다, 수정하다
revive : revitalize : 소생하게 하다, 회복시키다
revolt : rebel, mutiny : 반란을 일으키다, 반항하다
revolution : overthrow, revolt : 혁명, 대변혁
revolve : rotate, circulate, roll, orbit, circle : 회전하다
reward : recompense, prize : 보답하다, 보상하다
rich : opulent, affluent, abundant, ample : 부유한, 풍부한
ridicule : mockery, sneer, mock, jeer : 비웃다, 조롱하다
ridiculous : absurd, funny, comical : 웃기는, 우스꽝스러운
right : just, equitable, upright : 적당한, 옳은
righteous : moral, upright, virtuous, equitable : 바른, 정의의
rigid : 1. stiff, firm, bard, inflexible : 단단한, 딱딱한
2. strict, severe, stern, rigorous : 엄격한, 엄숙한
rigorous : rigid, severe, harsh, stern, austere, strict : 엄한, 엄격한
rim : edge, border, margin, brim, boundary, verge : 가장자리, 변두리
riot : uproar, disturbance : 폭동, 소동
ripe : mature, mellow, developed : 익은, 숙성한
risk : hazard, danger, venture, peril, jeopardy : 위험, 모험
rival : competitor, contestant, antagonist, opponent : 경쟁자, 적수
roam : ramble, wander, rove, stray : 걸어다니다, 배회하다
roar : cry, bellow, shout, yell : 으르렁 거리다, 울부짖다
rob : deprive, plunder, pillage : 강탈하다, 약탈하다
robust : sturdy, vigorous, stalwart : 건장한, 튼튼한
rot : decay, corrupt, degenerate : 썩다, 부패하다
rotate : turn, spin, revolve, wheel, roll : 회전하다
rotten : decayed, foul, corrupt : 썩은, 불결한
rough : uneven, irregular, rugged, violent, wild : 난폭한, 격렬한, 거친
rouse : stir, excite, stimulate, awaken, provoke : 깨우다, 눈뜨게 하다
rude : discourteous, ill-mannered, impolite, uncivil, coarse : 버릇없는
rudimentary : elementary, fundamental, basic : 기본의, 초보의
ruin : decay, downfall, spoil, demolish, destroy, damage : 폐허, 파멸
rural : rustic ; (Ant) urban : 시골의
rush : dash : 돌진하다, 서두르다
ruthless : pitiless, cruel, harsh, severe, unrelenting, relentless, inexorable : 무자비한, 무정한
S
sacred : holy, divine : 신성한
sad : sorrowful, mournful : 슬픈, 슬퍼하는
safe : secure, protected : 안전한, 위험이 없는
sanction : permission, ratification, authorization : 재가, 인가
sanguinary : bloody, bloodthirsty, cruel, ruthless : 피비린내 나는, 잔인한
satire : irony, sarcasm : 풍자, 비꼼
satisfy : gratify, meet, satiate, suffice : 만족시키다
savage : wild, uncultivated, barbarous, uncivilized, cruel, brutal : 야만적인, 야만인의
save : rescue, salvage : 구하다, 구조하다
savor : taste, flavor : 맛, 풍미
scale* : climb, mount, ascend : 기어오르다, 올라가다
scan : scrutinize, investigate : 조사하다, 정밀검사하다
scandal : disgrace, dishonor, shame : 불명예, 추문
scanty : meager, insufficient, inadequate, deficient : 부족한, 불충분한
scarce : rare, insufficient, deficient : 부족한, 적은
scare : terrify, alarm, startle, frighten, shock, intimidate : 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 위협하다
scatter : sprinkle, strew, disperse, dissipate : 흩뿌리다, 낭비하다
scent : odor, perfume : 냄새, 향기
scheme : plan, design, project, plot, intrigue, conspiracy : 계획, 설계
scoff : mock, scorn, jeer, sneer, ridicule : 비웃다, 조롱하다
scold : reprove, reproach, reprimand, rebuke : 꾸짖다, 잔소리하다
scope : range, extent, space : 범위
score : gain, win : 득점, 점수
scorn : contempt, disdain, mockery, scoff, sneer : 경멸하다, 모욕하다
scream : shriek, cry : 소리치다, 비명지르다
screen : shelter, protect, veil, defend, cover, shield : 칸막이, 보호물
scrupulous : careful, painstaking, meticulous : 꼼꼼한, 세심한
scrutinize : examine, investigate, dissect, study : 세밀히 조사하다
scrutiny : examination, investigation, dissection, inspection : 정밀히 조사하다
search : seek, explore : 찾다, 탐색하다
secret : clandestine, conceal, private, privy : 비밀의, 은밀한
secure : safe, protected, obtain, procure, get, acquire, gain : 안전한, 확고한
segregate : isolate, separate, dissociate : 분리하다, 격리하다
seize : grasp, grab, clutch, capture, grip : 붙들다, 꼭 쥐다
self-evident : evident, obvious, clear : 자명한
self-satisfied : complacent, smug : 자기 만족의
send : transmit, dispatch, convey : 전하다, 보내다
sensation : excitement, stimulation, animation, agitation : 감각, 느낌
sensational : exciting, stimulating : 세상을 들끓게 하는
sense : meaning, signification, significance, denotation : 직감, 통찰력
senseless : stupid, foolish, silly, idiotic : 무감각한
sensibility : susceptibility, sensitivity, sensitiveness : 감각력, 민감성
sensible : judicious, intelligent, sagacious, sage, wise, sound, rational, reasonable : 분별있는, 현명한
sensitive : impressionable, susceptible : 민감한, 감각이 있는
sensual : voluptuous, sensuous : 관능적인, 세속적인
sententious : concise, terse, succinct : 간결한
sentiment : emotion, sentimentality, sensibility : 감정, 심정
separate : divide, part, disjoin, sever, dissociate, segregate, split : 나누다, 구별하다
sequence : succession, series : 연속
serene : calm, peaceful, tranquil, undisturbed, placid, sedate : 고요, 조용
serious : important, momentous, grave : 심각한, 엄숙한
serve : assist, help, aid, succor, contribute : 섬기다, 복종하다
sever : separate, divide, cut, cleave, rend : 절단하다
severe : 1. rough, harsh, brutal. : 호된, 엄한 / 맹렬한, 심한
2. formidable, rigorous, :
3. tough, rigid, stern, strict :
shabby : ragged, beggarly, poor : 허름한, 초라한
shade : screen, hide, protect, conceal, cover, shelter : 그늘지게 하다, 가리다
shake : sway, waver, agitate, shudder : 흔들리다, 진동하다
shameful : disgraceful, humiliating, dishonorable, ignominious : 불명예스러운, 망신스러운
shameless : brazen, impudent, insolent, unashamed : 뻔뻔스러운
share : portion, part, allotment, quota, dividend, stock : 할당, 몫
sharp* : 1. keen, acute, pointed, pungent, severe, poignant : 예리한, 날카로운
2. abrupt, acute, sudden ex. a sharp drop : 갑작스러운
shed : emit, radiate, diffuse : 발산하다
shatter* : break, crush, crack : 박살내다, 파괴하다
sheer : unmixed, pure, steep, precipitous, abrupt : 섞인 것이 없는, 순수한
shelter : protect, guard, cover, safeguard, shield, harbor, defend : 피난장소, 대피소
shield* : protect, defend, secure, guard, safeguard : 보호하다
shine : beam, glare, gleam, glisten, glimmer, shimmer, glow : 빛나다
shining : radiant, gleaming, bright, brilliant, glistening : 빛나는, 화려한
shiver : tremble, quake, shudder, shake : 떨다, 진동시키다
shock : blow, impact : 충격, 충돌
shorten : curtail, abbreviate, abridge, condense, lessen, reduce : 감소하다
short-sighted : near-sighted, indiscreet, imprudent : 경솔한
showy : ostentatious, gaudy, loud : 화려한, 허식부리는
shrewd : astute, sharp, acute, keen, penetrating : 빈틈없는, 날카로운
shrink : contract, shrivel, diminish, decrease, dwindle : 오그라들다, 감소하다
shun : elude, avoid, evade, escape : 비키다, 피하다
shy : bashful, reserved, timid, coy : 소심한, 수줍은
siege : blockade, besieging : 포위, 공격
sign : token, indication, trace, hint, suggestion : 신호, 기호, 부호
significant : important, consequential, momentous, critical, crucial, vital : 중요한, 의미심장한
signify : express, indicate, mean : 의미하다
silent : speechless, dumb, mute, tacit : 말없는, 고요한
simultaneous : concurrent, concomitant, synchronous : 동시에 일어나는
sin : transgression, trespass, violation, crime, offense : 죄, 죄악, 잘못
sincere : candid, earnest, plain, genuine, true, real : 성실한, 거짓없는
sip : drink, absorb, sup : 홀짝이다
situation : location, position, site, place, spot : 위치, 장소
size : dimensions, proportions, magnitude : 크기, 치수
skeptical : skeptic, doubtful, dubious, incredulous : 의심많은, 회의적인
skilled* : able, capable, competent, skillful, proficient, adept, qualified : 숙련된, 기술이 좋은
skillful : adroit, deft, adept, proficient, dexterous : 숙련된, 솜씨좋은, 능숙한
skip : spring, jump, leap, bound, hop : 뛰어다니다, 뛰놀다
skirmish : encounter, battle, fight, conflict, combat, collision : 작은 접전, 작은 충돌
slack : loose, relaxed : 늘어진, 느슨한
slander : defame, scandalize, vilify : 중상, 욕설
slaughter : butcher, massacre, murder, slay, kill : 도살, 학살
slavery : bondage, servitude, subjection, enslavement : 노예의 신세, 예속
slay : murder, kill, slaughter, massacre, butcher, assassinate : 살해하다
slender : slim, weak, fragile, feeble, delicate : 호리호리한, 가느다란
slide : glide : 미끄러지다
slight : insignificant, trivial, trifling : 근소한, 약간의
slim : slender, thin : 호리호리한, 갸냘픈, 가는
slip : mistake, error, blunder : (비밀, 말 등이)새다, 실수하다
slumber : sleep : 꾸벅꾸벅 졸다
sly : cunning, artful : 교활한, 간교한
smart : intelligent, bright, sharp, clever, adroit, shrewd : 영리한, 기민한
smash : shatter, crush, crash : 박살내다, 산산이 부수다
smooth : level, even, plain, flat ; (Ant) rough, uneven : 평탄한, 매끄러운
snare : trap, lure, bait : 함정, 덫
sneer : scorn, jeer, gibe, scoff, disdain, deride, ridicule : 냉소, 조소, 비꼬다
soak : steep, drench, wet, saturate : 흠뻑 젖다
soar : tower, rise, ascend, mount : 솟아오름, 높이 솟다
sober : unintoxicated, sane, sound ; (Ant) drunk : 술취하지 않은, 맑은 정신의
sociable : affable, genial ; (Ant) sullen : 사교적인
soft : yielding, pliable, plastic : 부드러운, 유연한
soften : assuage, moderate, mitigate, soothe, alleviate, ease : 부드럽게 하다
solace : comfort, consolation : 위안, 위로
sole : only, single, solitary : 유일한
solemn : grave, sober, serious, impressive, August, imposing, grand, majestic, stately : 엄숙한
solid : firm, substantial, sound, stable, strong : 단단한
solitary : isolated, lonely : 고독한
solitude : isolation, loneliness : 고독, 독거
soothe : relieve, allay, mitigate, assuage, alleviate, appease, soften, lull : 달래다, 진정시키다
sophisticated : artificial, mundane, worldly : 세상 물정에 익숙한
sore : painful, grieved, distressed, sorrowful : 욱신욱신한, 아픈
sorrow : distress, anguish, grief, sadness, woe : 슬픔, 비탄
sort : classify, class, assort : 분류하다
sound : uninjured, unharmed, unimpaired, healthy : 건전한, 정상적인
sour : acid, tart : 시큼한
sovereign : supreme, chief, paramount : 주권자, 군주
spacious : ample, capacious, extensive, vast : 넓은, 풍부한
span : distance, length : 짧은 길이
spare : save, reserve : 절약하다, 구하다
sparkle : spark, glitter, twinkle : 섬광, 불꽃
special : particular, especial, peculiar, specific : 독특한, 특수한
specimen : sample, model, pattern : 견본
spectacular* : dramatic, sensational, impressive : 장관인, 시선을 집중시키는
speculation : supposition, conjecture, surmise : 심사숙고
speculative* : 1. academic, abstract, theoretical. : 순 이론적인
2. thoughtful, reflective, meditative, contemplative, pensive, deliberative : 사색적인
spend : expend, squander, waste, lavish, exhaust, consume : 소비하다
spin : turn, rotate : 회전시키다
spite : ill-will, maliciousness, malice : 악의, 심술
splendid : gorgeous, magnificent, sumptuous, dazzling : 찬란한, 훌륭한
splendor : brilliance, grandeur, pomp : 광채, 탁월
split : cleave, rend, separate : 분리하다, 쪼개다
spoil : damage, impair, ruin, mar, harm, corrupt : 망쳐놓다, 손상하다
spontaneous : voluntary, uncompelled, willing : 자발적인
spot* : find, locate, pinpoint, detect, recognize : 알아 맞추다, 탐지하다
spread : unfold, extend, stretch, expand : 펴다
spring : leap, jump, bound, hop, vault : 도약, 튀기
sprinkle : scatter, strew, disperse : 끼얹다, 뿌리다
spur : incitement, stimulus, incentive, provocation, instigation : 충동, 자극
squander : waste, lavish : 낭비하다
stab : thrust, plunge : 찌르다
stable : invariable, steadfast, unchangeable, constant, steady : 안정된, 변화없는
stagger : sway, totter, waver, falter : 비틀거리다
stagnant : inert, inactive : 정체된, 침체한
stain : taint, spot, dirty, blemish, blot : 더럽히다
stake : stick, post : 말뚝, 막대기
stale : vapid, old, decayed : 심심하지 않은, 변한
stammer : stutter, hesitate, falter : 말을 더듬다
stamp : trample, crush, pound : 짓밟다
stand : endure, undergo, bear, sustain, weather, tolerate, endure : 참다
standard : criterion, gauge : 표준
stare : gaze : 응시하다
startle : surprise, alarm, amaze, astound, astonish, scare, frighten : 깜짝 놀라게하다
state : condition situation, status, environment, position : 상태
stately : imposing, grand, majestic, magnificent : 당당한, 품위있는
statement : declaration, announcement, proclamation : 성명(서), 진술문
station : standing, rank : 위치, 장소
status : position, standing, rank : 지위, 신분
stay : remain, reside sojourn, rest : 머무르다, 체류하다
steadfast : firm, stanch, steady, resolute : 불변의, 확고한
stem : base, root : 줄기, 대
1. stop, check, dam, obstruct, hinder : 저지하다, 막다
2. come, derive, proceed, originate : 유래하다
sterile : barren, unproductive, fruitless : 불임의
stern : firm, strict, adamant, unrelenting, uncompromising, severe, harsh, hard, infallible : 단호한
stick : adhere, cohere, cling, cleave, hold : 고정하다, 붙이다
stiff : rigid, solid : 빳빳한, 굳은 (단단한)
stifle : smother, suffocate, strangle, choke : 숨막히게 하다
still : motionless, stationary, tranquil, calm, peaceful, placid, pacific, serene : 움직이지 않는
stimulating* : restorative, refreshing, energizing, invigorating, reinvigorating : 기운을 붇돋는
stimulus : incentive, incitement, stimulation, provocation, stimulant : 자극, 격려
stingy : parsimonious, miserly, mean : 인색한
stir : agitate, incite, instigate, prompt, rouse, torment, arouse, provoke, stimulate,
goad, spur : 감동시키다, 휘젓다, 움직이다
stock : store, inventory, reserve, hoard : 저장, 축적
stoop : bend, lean, bow, crouch : 구부리다, 굽히다
stop : interrupt, arrest, halt : 가로막다, 중단하다
stout : stalwart, sturdy, athletic, vigorous : 튼튼한, 용감한
strain : stretch, tighten : 잡아당기다, 긴장시키다
strange : 1. unusual, extraordinary, curious, bizarre, odd, queer, mysterious, eccentric,
abnormal : 이상한, 생소한
2. foreign, alien : 외국인
stranger : alien, foreigner : 외국인, 낯선 사람
strategy : tactics : 용병학, 전략
stray : wander, rove, roam, ramble : 딴길로 들어서다, 헤매다
stream : current, run, flow : 흐름, 조류
strength : power, force, vigor, might, energy, capacity : 힘, 능력
strenuous : vigorous, energetic, active, eager, zealous, ardent, earnest : 격렬한
stress : emphasis, accent, force : 압력, 긴장
stretch : extend, lengthen, pull : 늘리다, 뻗치다
strict : rigid , rigorous, stringent, stiff, severe, harsh, austere, stern : 엄격한
strife : conflict, discord, quarrel, struggle, clash, fight : 투쟁, 싸움
stringent* : severe, constricted, tight, strict : 엄중한, 절박한
strike : hit, knock, beat, pound, slap : 치다, 때리다
strive : endeavor, try, struggle, toil : 노력하다, 얻으려 애쓰다
stroke : striking, blow, beating, beat : 공을 치다
stroll : ramble, wander, roam, rove : 어슬렁거리며 거닐기, 산책
strong : powerful, vigorous, mighty, potent : 강한
stubborn : obstinate, dogged, persistent, rigid, stiff, headstrong : 완고한, 완강한
stuff : material, substance, matter : 재료, 물질
stun : astound, daze, astonish, amaze, bewilder, confound, stupefy : 어리벙벙하게 하다
stupid : dull, senseless, foolish : 바보같은, 어리석은
sturdy : strong, robust, stalwart, muscular, stout : 억센, 튼튼한
subdue : conquer, defeat, suppress, subjugate, subject : 정복하다
subject : subordinate, subjected, submissive, obedient : 지배를 받는, 복종하는
subjective : personal, individual ; (Ant) objective : 주관적인
submerse : dip, sink, plunge, immerse : 가라앉다, 하강하다
submit : yield, surrender, obey : 복종시키다
subordinate : inferior, secondary, dependent, junior, inferior, secondary, supplementary : 하위의
subscribe : agree, assent, consent : 동의하다
subsidize : back, finance, fund : 보조금을 주다, 매수하다
substance : matter, material, stuff : 물질, 물체
substantial* : real, actual, material : 실질적인, 내용이 알찬
subtract : deduct, discount : 빼다, 감하다
succession : sequence, series : 연속, 계속
successive : consecutive, continuous : 계속되는
succinct* : concise, brief, lean, terse, condensed, laconic : 간결한
suffer : 1. undergo, experience : 견디다
2. sustain, bear, tolerate, stand : 견디다
sufficient* : enough, adequate, ample : 충분한, 흡족한
suggest : indicate, hint, intimate : 암시하다, 시사하다
summary : digest, extract, abstract : 요약, 개요
summit : top, peak, apex, pinnacle, acme, zenith : 정상, 꼭대기
summon : call, bid, convene, convoke : 호출하다, 소환하다
superficial : shallow, external, outward : 표면의, 겉면의
supernatural : miraculous, abnormal : 초자연의, 신비적인
supply : furnish, provide, replenish : 공급하다, 보충하다
support : aid, help, assist, advocate : 받치다, 유지하다
suppose : assume, presume : 가정하다
surpass : exceed, excel, transcend, outdo, beat, outstrip : ~보다 낫다, 능가하다
surplus : remainder : 나머지, 잔여
surprise : astonish, amaze, astound, startle : 놀라게 하다
surrender : submit, yield : 넘겨주다, 내주다
survey : watch, inspect, examine, scrutinize : 바라보다, 둘러보다
suspect : surmise, imagine, consider, suppose, guess, conjecture : ~이 아닌가 생각하다
suspend : 1. defer, postpone, delay : 연기하다 (일시 중지하다)
2. stop, cease, interrupt, arrest : 중지하다, 보류하다
suspense : uncertainty, doubt, indecision, hesitation, misgiving : 어중간한, 모호한
suspicion : doubt, mistrust, distrust : 혐의, 의심
sustain : bear, carry, support, uphold : 떠받치다, 지탱하다
swallow : eat, gorge, gulp, engulf, devour : 삼키다, 들이키다
sway : swing, wave, brandish, rule, reign, govern : 흔들다, 동요시키다
swear : avow, vow : 맹세하다, 선서하다
sweat : perspiration : 땀, 땀흘림
sweep : clean : 청소하다
sweeping : broad, wide, extensive, comprehensive, wholesale, vast : 휩쓸어가는, 광범위한
swift : speedy, fleet, rapid : 빠른, 눈 깜짝할 사이의
swivel : spin, rotate, turn : 회전하다
T
taboo : prohibition : 금기
tactics : strategy, maneuvering : 전술, 병법
tale : story, narrative, account, fiction : 이야기, 설화
talent : aptitude, capacity, capability, gift, genius, faculty : 재능, 수완
talkative : garrulous, wordy, verbose : 이야기하기 좋아하는, 수다스러운
tall : high, elevated, towering, lofty : 키가 큰, 거창한
tame : domesticated, mild, docile, domestic ; (Ant) wild : 길들인, 온순한
tangible : real, substantial, concrete, substantive : 명백한, 확실한
tear : rend, rip, sever, split : 찢다, 자르다
tease : irritate, bother, trouble, disturb, annoy, plague, molest, harry, harass : 괴롭히다, 조르다
tedious : tiresome, irksome, wearisome, tiring, monotonous, boring : 지루한, 지겨운
temperament: disposition, make-up, temper, nature : 기질, 성미
temperate : moderate, self-restrained, sober ; (Ant) immoderate : 절제하는, 삼가는
temporary : transient, transitory, fleeting, ephemeral : 일시적인, 임시의
tempt : induce, persuade, entice, allure, seduce, attract, decoy, lure : 유혹하다, 부추기다
tempting : inviting, seductive, attractive, alluring : 유혹하는, 부추기는
tendency : trend, proneness, inclination, bent : 경향, 풍조, 추세
tender : soft, delicate, lenient, mild : 부드러운, 연한
tense : rigid, strained, nervous ; (Ant) relaxed : 팽팽한, 긴장한
terrible : dreadful, awful, frightful, appalling, horrible : 무서운, 소름끼치는
terrific : splendid, glorious, superb, marvelous, sensational : 훌륭한, 아주 멋진
terror : horror, panic, fright, dismay : 심한 공포, 두려움
tiresome : wearisome, tedious, dull, boredom : 지루한, 따분한
toil : work, labor, strive : 힘써 일하다, 수고하다
tolerance : toleration, patience : 관용, 관대, 참음
tolerate* : endure : 견디다
tool : instrument, implement, utensil : 도구, 기구
top : apex, zenith, acme, peak, summit, pinnacle, culmination, vertex : 꼭대기, 정점
torment : afflict, pain, rack, torture, harass, harry, annoy, vex, distress : 고통, 고뇌
torrential* : wild, violent : 맹렬한, 격한
tide : stream, current : 조수, 조류
touch : impress, move, strike, stir : 감동시키다, ~의 급소를 찌르다
tough : firm, strong, hard, sturdy : 튼튼한, 강인한
trace* : vestige, mark, sign, track, footprint, trail : 자취, 발자국, 흔적
traffic : trade : 교통, 왕래
tragic : mournful, pathetic, pitiful, disastrous : 비극의, 비참한
trail : drag, draw : 끌고 간 자국
traitor : betrayer : 반역자, 매국노
transact : settle, perform, manage, conduct, execute :집행하다, 처리하다
transform : change alter, convert, transmute : 변형시키다
transmit : send, dispatch, convey, carry, transfer : 부치다, 보내다, 전하다
transparent : clear, pellucid, lucid, limpid, crystalline : 투명한, 비쳐 보이는
transport : carry, convey, transport : 수송하다, 운송하다
trap : pitfall, snare : 덫, 올가미, 속임수
treachery : betrayal, treason : 배반, 배신
treasure : prize, cherish : 보물, 보배
treat : entertain, regale, feast : 대접하다, 한턱 내다
tremble : shake, quiver, quaver, quake, shiver, shudder : 떨다
tremendous : huge, gigantic, colossal : 무서운, 거대한, 대단한
trend : tendency, direction, inclination : 방향, 경향, 동향
trespass : encroach, infringe, intrude, invade : 침입하다, 침해하다
trial : affliction, suffering, distress, sorrow, trouble : 시련, 고난
trick : cheat, swindle, beguile, deceive, defraud, delude : 계교, 장난
trifling : trivial, insignificant, unimportant, petty, negligible, slight : 하찮은, 시시한
trim : clip, prune, shave, shear, arrange : 다듬다, 손질하다
triumph : win, succeed, prevail : 승리, 대성공
troop : band, squad, party company, group, herd, flock, swarm, throng : 무리, 떼, 군대
trouble : disturb, distress, worry, annoy, vex, bother, : 근심, 걱정
1. effort, struggle, endeavor, striving, exertion, pains : 고생, 수고
2. discomfort, inconvenience : 불편, 성가심, 폐
troublesome : annoying, laborious, difficult, arduous, burdensome, hard : 까다로운, 귀찮은
true : factual, actual, real, authentic, genuine : 진짜의, 참된
trust : confidence, belief, faith, credit : 신임, 신뢰
trustworthy : reliable, true, stanch, dependable, credible : 신뢰할 수 있는, 믿을 수 있는
tumult : commotion, disturbance, disorder, turbulence, uproar, agitation, uprising : 소란, 법썩
twinkle : glimmer, sparkle : 반짝반짝 빛나다
twist : contort, distort : 꼬다, 비틀어 돌리다
typical : representative, symbolic, model, exemplary : 대표적인 전형적인
tyrannical : arbitrary, despotic, oppressive : 전제 군주적인, 무도한
tyrant : dictator, oppressor : 폭군
U
ugly : unlovely, unsightly, homely : 추한, 험악한
ultimate : final, last, extreme : 최후의
umpire : referee, arbiter, judge : 판정자, 심판인
unaccountable: inexplicable, strange, incomprehensible : 설명할 수 없는, 기묘한
unanimity : accord, agreement : (만장) 일치, 합의
unassuming : modest, unpretending, unpretentious, humble : 겸손한, 건방지지 않은
unbearable : unendurable, intolerable, insufferable, insupportable : 견딜 수 없는, 참기어려운
unbecoming : inappropriate, unsuitable : 어울리지 않는
unbiased : fair, impartial, unprejudiced, disinterested : 선입관없는, 편견없는
unbounded : unlimited, boundless, limitless, immense, immeasurable, vast, infinite, endless,
interminable : 끝없는, 무한의
uncivil : impolite, discourteous, impudent : 무례한, 버릇없는
uncompromising: unyielding, inflexible, rigid, firm, obstinate : 타협하지 않는, 완고한
undergo : experience, suffer : 당하다, 경험하다
undermine : ruin, thwart : ~의 밑을 파다
undertake : assume : 맡다, 책임맡다
unequaled : unparalleled, matchless, peerless : 무적의, 무쌍한
unexampled : unprecedented, matchless, peerless : 전례가 없는
uniform* : invariable, unchanging, consistent : 한결같은, 똑같은
uninterested : unconcerned, indifferent : 무관한, 관계없는
unite : join, combine, incorporate, connect, conjoin, link, associate : 결합하다, 통합하다
universal : entire, ecumenical : 모든 사람의, 보편적인
unlawful : illegal, illicit, illegitimate : 불법의
unmindful : heedless, regardless, careless, inattentive, neglectful : 부주의한, 개의치 않는
unparalleled : matchless, unmatched, unequaled, unrivaled, peerless : 비할 바 없는
unpleasant : disagreeable, offensive, repulsive : 불쾌한, 재미없는
unreasonable: irrational, senseless, foolish, silly, preposterous, absurd, stupid, idiotic : 철없는
unrefined : coarse, crude, unpolished, vulgar : 세련되지 못한, 정제되지 못한
unrelenting : relentless, implacable, inexorable, harsh, merciless, pitiless, cruel, ruthless : 무자비한
unsettled : unstable, unsteady, shaky, unfixed, changeable, infirm : 변하기 쉬운, 불안정한
unsophisticated: simple, artless, ingenuous, naive : 단순한, 소박한
unstable : infirm, unsteady, precarious, inconstant, unsettled : 불안정한, 변하기 쉬운
unsteady : unsettled, changeable, unstable : 불안정한
untie : unfasten, loose, unknot : 풀다, 끄르다
unyielding : inflexible, firm, stanch, steadfast, adamant, resolute, determined : 강직한, 단단한
upright : erect, vertical, perpendicular, conscientious, righteous, honest, virtuous : 올바른
uproar : disturbance, tumult, turbulence, commotion, clamor : 소란, 소동
upset : 1. overturn, capsize, overthrow : 뒤엎다
2. defeat, subdue, overwhelm, embarrass : 당황하게 하다
urge : force, impel, press, instigate, stimulate, persuade, induce : 주장하다, 몰아대다
urgent : pressing, imperative, exigent : 긴급한, 다급한
useful : serviceable, advantageous, profitable, beneficial : 쓸모있는, 유익한
V
ineffective : empty, devoid, destitute : 쓸모없는, 무능한
vacant : empty, void, unoccupied : 빈, 공허한
vagabond : wandering, nomadic, vagrant : 방랑자, 깡패
vague : indefinite, unspecified, obscure, uncertain, indistinct, dim, unsettled : 막연한, 모호한
vain : useless, worthless, trifling, trivial, unavailing, futile : 공허한, 실속없는
valid : just, sound, logical, cogent, effective, binding, legal : 근거가 확실한, 정당한
vanish : disappear, end, cease, fade : 사라지다, 소실되다
variable : changeable, inconstant, fickle, unsteady : 변하기 쉬운, 변덕스러운
variety* : diversity, kind, sort, species, type : 다른 상태, 다양성
various : diverse, varied : 여러 가지의, 다재다능한
vary* : change, alter, diversify, transform, transmute : 바꾸다, 변화를 주다
vast : extensive, immense, huge, enormous, gigantic, colossal, prodigious, stupendous : 광대한, 거대한
velocity* : speed, pace, rapidity, celerity : 속도, 빠르기
vengeance : avenging, revenge : 복수, 앙갚음
venture : hazard, danger, jeopardy, risk, peril : 모험, 위험
verbal : oral, spoken : 말뿐인
verge : edge, rim, margin, brim, brink, limit : 모서리, 가장자리, 경계
version : translation : 번역, 각색
vertical : upright, plumb, erect, perpendicular : 수직의, 정점의, 절정의
vibrant : vibrating, shaking, oscillating : 진동하는, 떠는, 가슴설레는
vibrate : oscillate, shake, tremble, quiver, shiver : 진동하다, 흔들리다
vice : wickedness, evil : 악, 악덕행위
vicious : immoral, depraved, corrupt, malicious : 사악한, 품행이 나쁜
view : 1. prospect, outlook, idea, notion : 조명, 전망
2. opinion, see, behold, witness, contemplate : 바라보다, 조사하다
vigilant : attentive, wary, alert, awake, watchful : 자지않고 지키는, 방심하지 않는
vigorous : strong, robust, sturdy, energetic, powerful : 강력한, 힘찬
villain : rascal, scoundrel : 악당, 놈
violation : breach, infringement, transgression : 위반자, 방해자
violence : vehemence, intensity, force : 강렬한, 맹렬한
virgin : maiden, maid : 미혼여자
virtual* : practical, implicit : 사실상의, 실질적인
virtually* : 1. In fact or to all purposes; practically : 사실상, 실질적으로는
2. nearly :
virtue : goodness, uprightness, morality, justice : 미덕, 장점
virtuous : right, upright, moral, righteous, good, chaste : 덕이 있는, 고결한, 정숙한
visible : apparent, manifest, obvious, evident, open, observable, clear, conspicuous,
unmistakable : 눈에 보이는, 명백한
vision : sight, perception, discernment : 시력, 상상력
visionary : fanciful, imaginary, speculative, illusory : 환영의, 꿈같은
vista : view, prospect, perspective : 원경, 멀리 내다보이는 경치
vital : indispensable, important, critical, cardinal : 극히 중대한, 치명적인
vivid : bright, brilliant, animated, spirited, vivacious, lively, vigorous, energetic : 발랄한, 밝은
vocation : business, occupation, pursuit, profession, employment, calling : 천직, 직업, 사명감
vogue : fashion, style, mode : 유행, 성행
void : useless, ineffectual, vain : 쓸모없는, 무효의
volume : size, measure, magnitude, mass : 용적, 용량
voluntary : spontaneous, free, unforced : 자발적인, 임의의
vow : pledge, promise : 맹세, 서약
voyage : cruise, sailing : 항해, 항행
vulgar : coarse, mean, rude : 저속한, 통속적인
W
wage : pay, salary, earnings : 임금, 품삯
wake : rouse, waken, arouse, awaken, stimulate, activate, provoke, animate, motivate : 깨어있는
wakeful : watchful, vigilant, wary, observant, alert : 깨어있는, 잠이 오지 않는
wallow : flounder, roll : 허우적거리다, 바둥거리다
wander : ramble, rove, roam, stray, stroll, meander : 헤매다, 방랑하다
ware : good, merchandise : 상품, 제품, 도자기
warp : bend, deform, twist : 뒤틀다, 휘게하다
wary : alert, careful, cautious : 주의 깊은, 세심한
waste : squander, dissipate, lavish : 낭비하다, 허비하다
watchful : vigilant, alert, observant, attentive, heedful, careful, circumspect, cautious, wary : 조심하는
wave : undulate, fluctuate : 파도치다, 물결치다
weak : fragile, frail, delicate, feeble : 약한, 허약한
weaken : enfeeble, undermine, deplete, diminish, lessen, lower, reduce, impair, minimize:약화시키다
weakness : flaw, defect, fault : 약함, 우유부단, 약점
wealth : abundance, profusion : 부유한, 풍부한
wear-out : exhausted : 고갈된, 다 써버린
wearisome : tiresome, boring, tedious, irksome, monotonous, prosaic, dull : 지루한, 피곤하게 하는
weary : exhausted, tired, wearied, fatigued : 싫증난, 피곤한
weave : intertwine, twist, curl, meander, twine, spiral, coil : 엮다, 뜨다
weigh : consider, ponder, contemplate : 심사숙고하다, 신중히 고려하다
wet : drenched, dampened, moistened, moist, humid : 젖은, 축축한, 습기있는
whim : caprice, whimsy : 변덕스러운, 일시적인 기분
whip : lash, beat, flog, thrash, beat : 채찍질하다, 두드리다
whirl : spin, rotate, revolve, wheel : 핑핑 돌다, 회전하다
wholesale* : extensive, indiscriminate : 도매의, 대규모의
wholesome : healthful, healthy, salutary : 건강에 좋은, 유익한
wicked : evil, immoral, impious, profane, blasphemous, corrupt, vicious, vile : 사악한, 나쁜
widespread : extensive, prevalent, sweeping : 만연된, 널리퍼진
wild : 1. untamed, undomesticated : 야생의, 자생의
2. violent, furious, boisterous, tempestuous, frantic : 화난, 성난
wily : shrewd, cunning, crafty : 교활한, 꾀가 많은
win : obtain, gain, procure, secure, earn, acquire, attain : 이기다, 노력해서 얻다
wise : judicious, sensible, sagacious, rational, reasonable, sage : 슬기로운, 현명한
withdraw : retire, retreat, secede : 물러나다, 빼다
wither : fade, decay, decline, wilt, languish : 시들다, 움츠려들다
withhold : reserve, retain, hold back : 보류하다
witness : 1. see, perceive, observe, watch, notice : 목격하다
2. testimony, evidence : 목격자, 증인
witty : amusing, clever, comic : 재치있는 익살맞은
woe : distress, affliction, sorrow, grief, anguish, agony : 불행, 재난
wonder : surprise, astonishment, amazement, awe, bewilderment : 놀라다, 이상히 여기다
wonderful : marvelous, remarkable, awesome, startling, prodigious, astonishing, amazing,
phenomenal : 이상한, 훌륭한
workmanship: handicraft, handiwork : 기량, 솜씨
worry : trouble, torment, annoy, plague, pester, vex, tease, harry, harass, molest,
irritate, disturb : 걱정하다
worship : revere, respect, venerate, adore : 예배, 숭배
worthy : worthwhile, deserving : 가치있는, 훌륭한
wound : injure, hurt : 상처, 부상당하다
wrap : cover, envelop, muffle : 감싸다, 감추다
wrath : anger, ire, rage, resentment, indignation, fury : 격노, 분노
wreck : destroy, devastate, ruin, shatter : 난파, 조난
wretched : miserable, pitiable, dejected, distressed, pitiful : 비참한, 불쌍한
Y
yawn : gape : 하품하다
yearn : crave, desire, want : 동경하다, 그리워하다
yearning : longing, craving, desire : 동경, 열망, 그리움
yield : 1. produce, bear : 산출하다
2. surrender, submit, concede : 양보하다
Z
zeal : passion, enthusiasm, fervor, ardor, zealousness : 열심, 열성
zealous : ardent, enthusiastic, eager, earnest, fervent, passionate : 열심인, 열광적인
zenith : apex, peak, tip : 천장
zest : gusto, heartiness, eagerness : 열정, 강한 흥미
zone : area, area, region, district, section : 지대, 지역
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