영어 독해 기출 지문 [영어 명문장]
0011
He did not sleep all night, and as happens to many and many a man who reads the Bible, he understood for the first time the full meaning of words read often before but passed by unnoticed.
all night (long):밤새도록, 하룻밤 내내
as: (앞 뒤 문장 전체를 선행사로) 그것은~이지만
He was an American, as I knew from his accent.
그는 미국인이다. 나는 그것을 그의 말투로 알았지만,
for the first time:처음으로
pass by: (옆을) 지나가다, ~간과하다 , 못보다.
해석
그는 밤새도록 잠을 자지 못했다. 그것은 성경을 읽는 많고 많은 사람에게 일어나는 것이지만, 그는 처음으로 전에 자주 읽었지만 (뜻을) 알아차리지 못하고 간과했던 말씀의 완전한 의미를 이해했다.
0012
Of the many wonders of Nature, so familiar that they pass almost unnoticed, water is one. In all its changes it is never lost, disappearing only to appear again in another form in the constant service of Nature and civilization.
wonder ;[C] 경이(로운 것), 불가사의
the wonders of modern technology
현대 과학 기술의 경이
the many wonders of Nature
자연의 많은 불가사의(기적)
so~ that… ;(‘결과'를 나타내어) 그래서 [그 결과] (… 했다)
only to do ;그 결과는 … 뿐
The girl cried hard only to madden her mom more.
소녀는 심하게 울었지만 그 결과 엄마만 더 화나게 했을 뿐이다.
only to R:결국 ~하다(결과를 나타내는 부정사)
I tried to persuade him only to offend him.
나는 그를 설득하려고 노력했으나 결국 그를 화나게 했다.
해석
물은 너무나 친숙하기 때문에 거의 알아차리지 못하고 사라지는 자연의 숱한 불가사의 중의 하나이다. 물은 아무리 변해도 없어지지 않고 사라지더라도 끊임없이 자연과 문명에 봉사하는 또 다른 모습으로 결국 다시 나타난다.
0013
At ordinary times we are perfectly certain that men are not equal. But when, in democratic country, we think or act politically we are no less certain that men are equal. Or at any rate -which comes to the same thing in practice-we behave as though we were certain of men's quality.
be certain that:~확신하다
no less: 마찬가지로, 역시(놀람·감탄을 나타냄)
She's having lunch with the Director, no less.
그녀가 감독[국장]과 점심 식사를 한대. 역시.
at any rate:아무튼, 하여튼, 적어도
At any rate, it will be a good experience for you.
하여튼 그것은 너에게 좋은 경험될 것이다.
come to:( 결국)~이 되다
your bill comes to ten dollars.:너의 계산은 10달러가 됩니다.
in practice :실지로, 개업하여
In practice, it is very difficult.: 실지로는 그것은 매우 어렵다.
해석
평상시에는 우리는 인간이 평등하지 않다는 것을 완벽하게 확신하지만 민주 국가에 있어서는 우리들은 정치적으로 생각하거나 행동을 할 때는 인간이 평등하다는 것을 마찬가지로 완벽하게 확신한다. 하여튼 전술한 바와 결국 똑같은 이야기가 실지로 되지만, 우리들은 마치 인간의 평등을 확신한 것처럼 행동한다.
0014
The vices of others we keep before our eyes our own behind our back; it happens therefore that a man dose not pardon another's faults who has more of his own.
The vices of others we keep before our eyes our own behind our back;
강조 도치 (목적어) 원래 목적어 자리 vices(생략) we keep
it happens therefore that a man dose not pardon another's faults
가주어 진주어 선행사
who has more of his own.
관계대명사 faults(생략)
*세미 콜런하고 therefore가 상관관계임
해석
우리들은 타인의 악행은 우리 눈앞에 두고 우리들의 악행은 우리 등 뒤에 둔다. 더 많은 잘못을 지닌 사람이 타인의 잘못을 용서하지 않는 일이 그러므로(앞 문장 내용) 일어난다.
0015
The man who receives affection is, speaking broadly, the man who gives it But it is useless to attempt to give it as a calculation, in the way in which one might lend money at interest, for a calculated affection is not genuine and is not felt to be so by the recipient.
at interest: 이자를 붙여서
in the way in which :~하는 것과 같은 방법으로, 하는 방법에 있어서.
We need to be flexible in the way in which we consult
우리는 협의하는 방식에 있어서 좀 더 유연해질 필요가 있다.
해석
널리 말하면, 사랑을 받는 사람이 사랑을 주는 사람이다. 그러나 마치 이자를 붙여서 돈을 빌려주는 것과 같은 방법으로 타산적으로 사랑을 주려고 시도하는 것은 무익한 것이다.
왜냐면 계산된 사랑은 진짜도 아니고 (능동으로 해석) 받는 사람도 그렇게 느끼지 않기 때문이다
0016
the only thing in the world which one can never receive or give too much is love. One dose not spoil children by giving them too much, but giving them too little.
cannot... too~:아무리... 하여도 지나치지 않다
We cannot be too careful (in) choosing our fiends.
우리는 친구를 선택하는데 아무리 주의를 해도 지나치지 않다.
We cannot be careful enough in choosing our friends.:상동
not~but: ~이 아니고....이다
해석
이 세상에서 우리가 아무리 많이 받거나 주어도 지나치지 않는 유일한 것이 사랑이다. (사랑을) 너무 많이 주어서 어린이를 버리는 것이 아니고 너무 적게 주어서 어린이를 버린다.
0017
If much education is apparently wasted, so is much of turnip seed that the farmer sows in the field. It is necessary for the farmer, one might say, to sow more seed than is necessary if he wishes to get a first rate crop.
so+(조) 동사+주어:의 어순으로 다른 주어에 종속되는 긍정의 진술을 부가시킴
~도 역시~이다
The door is shut, and so are windows.:출입문이 닫혀 있고, 창문도 역시 닫혀 있다.
해석
많은 교육이 명백히 낭비된 것이라면 농부가 들에 심은 많은 순무 씨앗도 역시 낭비된 것이다. 농부가 일 등급 수확을 얻기 원한다면 필요 이상의 씨앗을 심는 것이 필요하다고 말해도 좋을 것이다.
0018
Although money in itself may not suffice to make people grand, it is difficult to be grand without money. Moreover, money made is the accepted measure of brains. A man who makes a lot of money is a clever; a man who does not, is not.
in itself: 본래, 그것 자체가 [본질적으로]
In itself, it's not a difficult problem to solve.
그것이 본질적으로 해결하기 어려운 문제는 아니다
suffice ;[진행형으로는 쓰이지 않음] (격식) 충분하다
Generally a brief note or a phone call will suffice.
보통 짤막한 편지나 전화 한 통이면 충분할 것이다.
One example will suffice to illustrate the point.
그 점을 예증하는 데는 하나의 보기면 충분할 것이다.
a lot of: =lots of :많은, (수와 양에 모두 쓰임, many, much)
A lot of refugees are dying of hunger. 많은 피난민들이 굶어 죽어가고 있다.
Although money in itself may not suffice to make people grand, it is difficult to be
~하기에 충분하다 가주어 진주어
grand without money. Moreover, money made is the accepted measure of brains
물주 구문(부사구로 해석) 보어(공인된 두뇌 측정법)
A man who makes a lot of money is a clever; a man who does not, is not.
관계대명사 make~money(생략됨)
해석
돈은 그것 자체가 사람들을 훌륭하게 만들기에 충분하지 않을지 모르지만 돈 없이 훌륭해지기도 어렵다. 더구나 돈을 많이 벌면 두뇌가 영리하다고 인정된다. 많은 돈을 번 사람은 영리한 사람이다.((;)이 앞 문장 설명을 뒷 문장이 보충함) 돈을 많이 벌지 못한 사람은 영리하지 않은 사람이다.
0019
He wrote as though he were settled definitely in the island, and what was more, comfortably settled. She was surprised. then she read his letters again, all of them several times; and now, reading between the lines indeed, she was puzzled to notice a change which had escaped her.
as though(if): 마치 ~처럼(가정법 과거)
as though he were settled definitely in the island.
마치 그가 그 섬에 확실하게 정착한 것처럼
what was more.:게다가, 그 위에, 더군다나
She is plain-looking and crippled into the bargain.:
그녀는 못났고 더군다나 다리까지 전다
read between the lines: 행간의 (글 속의) 숨은 뜻을 알아내다. 행간[속뜻]을 읽다
Reading between the lines, I think Clare needs money.
행간을 읽어 보면 클레어가 돈이 필요한 모양이다.
after she has read between the lines.
그녀는 글 속의 숨은 뜻을 알고 난 후에
escape; [수동태로는 안 씀] 기억나지 않다; 눈에 띄지 않다
Her name escapes me.
그녀의 이름이 기억이 안 나.
It might have escaped your notice, but I'm very busy at the moment.
그걸 네가 못 보고 놓친 모양인데 내가 지금은 너무 바빠.
a change which had escaped her
그녀 (주의)에서 벗어난 변화; (그녀를 주어로) 그녀가 못 보고 놓친 변화
He wrote as though he were settled definitely in the island, and what was more,
as if (가정법 과거)
해석
그가 확실하게 그 섬에 정착한 것처럼 게다가, 마치 편안하게 정착한 것처럼 (편지를) 썼다. 그녀는 놀랐다. 그다음에 그이의 편지 모두를 두세 번 다시 읽었다. 그리고 이제 그녀는 글 속의 숨은 뜻을 사실대로 알고 난 후에 그녀가 못 보고 놓친 변화를 알고 당황했다.
0020
At present, in the most civilized countries, freedom of speech is taken as a matter of course and seems a perfectly simple thing. We are so accustomed to it that we look on it as a natural right.
at present: 현재, 목하, 지금
She is busy at present and can't speak to you.
그녀는 지금 바빠서 당신과 이야기할 수 없습니다.
most:대부분의, 대개의
most people like apples.
대부분의 사람들은 사과를 좋아한다.
be accustomed to~: ~에 익숙하다, 항상~하다.
I am accustomed to this climate.: 나는 이 고장의 기후에 익숙하다.
look on ~as...: ~을...으로 여기다.
I looked on him as a patriot.:나는 그를 애국자로 여겼다.
해석
현재 대부분의 선진국에서 언론의 자유는 당연한 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 아주 간단한 것처럼 보인다. 우리는 너무나도 그것에 익숙하기 때문에 그것을 천부의 권리로 여긴다.
0021. Actors are so fortunate. They can choose whether they will appear in tragedy or in comedy, whether they will suffer or make merry, laugh or shed tears. But in real life it is different. Most men and women are forced to perform parts for which they have no qualifications. The world is a stage, but the play is badly cast.
0022. To write: or even to speak English is not a science but an art. There are no reliable rules - there is only the general principle that concrete words are better than abstract ones, and that the shortest way of saying anything is always the best. Mere correctness is no guarantee whatever of good writing.
0023. When the conditions of human environment are changing very fast each rising generation has to tackle fresh problems, effect novel self-adjustments of outlook and habit, discover how to adapt old institutions and invent new ones without very much guidance from past experience.
0024. Just as it is impossible to see the shape of a wood when you are journeying through the middle of it, so it is really impossible for us to see what our own age is like. Till we have got out of the wood and can see it as a whole, cannot judge which of its trees are most essential to its general shape.
0025. I saw that a delicate flower had grown up, two feet high between the horses' path and the wheel-track. An inch more to right or left had sealed its fate, or an inch higher; and yet it lived to flourish as much as if it had a thousands acres of untrodden space around it.
0026. Many of our most successful men, had. they been able to choose for themselves, would have selected some quite different profession from that in which they have made their fortunes. They did not like the lot in life which fell to them! but they took it up bravely and made the best of it, and it has turned to gold in their hands.
0027. The unattainableness of a thing is never a reason for ceasing to desire it. On the contrary, it tends to increase and even to create desire. Thus our love for those we know, and our longing to be with them, are often increased by their death.
0028. The economical usefulness of a thing depends not merely on its own nature, but on the number of people who can and will use it. A horse -s useless, and therefore unsalable, if no one can ride-a sword if no one can strike, and meat, if no one can eat. Thus every material utility depends on its relative human capacity.
0029. If some refreshment is served, do not hesitate, but help yourself as soon as your host asks you to or as soon as he begins to eat or drink. If you allow the food or drink to remain on the table too long untouched, it looks as if you do not appreciate his efforts to serve it hot or cold, as the case may be.
0030. It is true in all art when a great master appears he so exhausts the material at his disposal as to make it impossible for any succeeding artist to be original, unless he can either find new material or invent some new method of handling the old.
0031. There is not the remotest possibility of any one's calling upon me, and that I should call upon any one else is a thing undreamt of. I owe a letter to a friend! perhaps I shall write it before bedtime; perhaps I shall leave it till tomorrow morning. A letter of friendship should never be written save when the spirit prompts.
0032. My father, from a view of the expense of a college education, which having so large a family he could not well afford, and the mean living which many so educated were afterwards able to obtain, altered his first intention about my education.
0033. The essential distinction between science and art consists in the fact that science makes appeal to universal agreement, whereas art does not. A scientific statement, we are told, is open to confirmation by anybody, while a work of art appeals only to people with certain sensibilities.
0034. You are mistaken if you think that luxury, neglect of good manners, and other vices of which each man accuses the age in which he lives, are especially characteristic of our own epoch; no era in history has ever been free from blame.
0035. It would be unreasonable to suppose that the books that have meant a great deal to me should be precisely those that will mean a great deal to you. But they are books that I feel the richer for having read, and I think I should not be quite the man I am if I had not read them.
0036. Perhaps it is only in childhood that books have any deep influence on our lives. In later life we admire, we are entertained, we may modify some views we already hold, but we are more likely to find in books merely a confirmation of what is in our minds already.
0037. I would have every student come to know, and the sooner the better, that there can be no thorough appreciation of the literature or culture of any country ancient or modern without an exact knowledge of the language.
0038. Some very eminent men of science have interested themselves in the utilization of the internal heat of the earth, and there can be little doubt that sooner or later, some attempt of this kind will be made, though the calculation shows that it would hardly be profitable at present.
0039. Newton's law of gravitation had reigned so long, and
explained so much, that it seemed scarcely credible that it should stand in need of correction. Nevertheless, such correction has at last proved necessary, and no one doubts that correction will, in its turn, have to be corrected.
0040. Mothers who prevent their daughters from leaving home tell everyone that they are perfectly willing to allow it but their daughters are too unselfish to leave, and mothers who try but fail to prevent their daughters from leaving say what a good idea they have always thought it.
0041. Modern man looks eagerly back into the twilight out of which he has come, in the hope that its faint beams will illuminate the obscurity into which he is going! conversely his aspirations and anxieties about the path which lies before him sharpen his insight into what lies behind.
0042. Always, departing friends implore us not to bother to come to the railway station next morning. Always, we are deaf to these entreaties, knowing them to be not quite sincere. The departing friends would think it very odd of us if we took them at their words.
0043. We cannot too often remind ourselves that freedom of the press is not intended for the convenience of those who publish newspapers, control radio or television stations or in other ways spread news and ideas abroad. Freedom of the press is for the public, the whole public, and it is inextricably connected with all other freedom.
0044. In his early plays he succeeded in reproducing, more
faithfully than a greater writer could have done, not only the tastes and the sentiments, but as it were the very temper of mind and tone of morality of his age, so far as they were within his view.
0045. There is only one thing which I feel is worth giving one's whole strength to, and that is the binding together of all classes of our people in an effort to make life in this country better in every sense of the word.
0046. There are few modern novels that excite my interest, and I do not know what I should do for relaxation were it not for the innumerable detective stories that so engagingly pass the time and once read pass straight out of one's mind.
0047. In general, one's memories of any period must necessarily weaken as one moves away from it. One is constantly learning new facts, and old ones have to drop out to make way for them. At twenty I could have written the history of my schooldays with an accuracy which would be quite impossible now.
0048. Excellence in art, as everything else, can only be achieved by dint of painstaking labor. There is nothing less accidental than the painting of a fine picture or the chiselling of a noble statue. Every skilled touch of the artist's brush or chisel, though guided by genius, is the product of unremitting study.
0049. The greater part of what is produced in our industrial center is not for the consumption of the producers themselves, but for others; while the wants of these producers are satisfied by
what others elsewhere in the industrial field are producing for exchange with them.
0050. From whatever side Nature is approached obstacles arise which prevent a clear vision of her; and persistent labour as well as strong desire are necessary for every step of advance whether the motive is purely the pursuit of natural knowledge or profitable advantage.
0051. Since life began upon the earth there has been a gradual development into new and nobler forms. In size and strength, many animals are mightier than man; but he is supreme over them because of his knowledge. Every conquest of science gives the human race greater control over the forces of Nature and their service for good or ill.
0052. It is possible that science may in principle describe completely the structure and actions of man as a part of physical nature. It is clear, however, that man is not thus completely accounted for. Left wholly out of consideration is the realm of ideas and idealism, of understanding and emotion, that gives life its human significance.
0053. The slowness of mankind to realize that a knowledge of the structure of the human body is essential before any understanding of what really constitutes disease can be attained, is partly responsible for the lack of rapid advance in medical science that might have been expected in the great era of Greek culture.
0054. The man of poor ability who is set to perform a function too
difficult for him not only does the work badly, thereby diminishing the total efficiency of the society in which he lives, but himself personally suffers from an anxiety and sense of strain, which may and frequently do result in physical breakdown.
0055. The majority in a democracy has no more right to tyrannize over a minority than, under a different system, the latter would have to oppress the former. The saying that the voice of the people is the voice of God may be quite as untrue, and do quite as much mischief, as the old theory of the divine right of kings.
0056. A philosophy of life is to the mind what the habit of health is to the body. Both should be taken for granted so long as life goes on happily and fully. Only when malady and unhappiness appear is there reason to examine the philosophy of body or mind.
0057. It would have been no small thing, had he done no more than to support himself and his family during so many years by writing without ever being in debt, or in any monetary difficulty: being a man whom nothing would have induced to write against his convictions.
0058. Our love of fire comes partly, doubtless, from our natural love of destruction for destruction's sake. Fire is savage, and so even after all these centuries, are we, at heart. Our civilization is but as the crust that encloses the old planetary flames.
0059. Up till some four decades ago fashionable ladies would no
more have thought of exposing themselves to sunshine than they would today to rain. For to be pale was then the sign of social distinction.
0060. The few moments in the course of each day which a man absorbed in some worldly pursuit may carelessly expend in kind words or trifling charities to those around him are perhaps the only time that he has lived to any purpose worthy of recording.
0061. The political freedom we have today will never be too easy to preserve. It came out of struggle, and it may still demand struggle. It came out of wisdom and patience. We may honor the fathers of the Declaration all the more because now that we ourselves live in a time of peril we can understand their danger and their courage.
0062. The balance of power among the classes remains fairly equal during the eighteenth century in England. At the close of the eighteenth century the whole balance is rudely disturbed by the industrial revolution, which results not only in a financial tyranny stronger than that of the landowners, but also in the inhuman condition of mines and factories which took so long to reform.
0063. A study of human history and prehistory shows that there has been a wonderful development of ethics and of religion. There is no satisfactory evidence that these were handed down from heaven in perfect form, but there is abundant evidence that they, in common with all other things, have been evolving and that this process has not yet come to an end. Some of the ethical codes and religious practices current today will probably be considered barbarous in times to come.
0064. What we teach ourselves becomes much more a part of our being than what we learn from others. Education does not end when we leave school; it has indeed scarcely begun. It goes on through life. "How well it would be, "said Seneca, "if men would but exercise their brains as they do their bodies, and take as much pains for virtue as they do for pleasure."
0065. The first flowers of spring cannot arrive too soon. A solitary crocus in March will arouse more comment and lift more winter-beaten spirits than a basketful of roses a little later. This is not because the crocus is more beautiful nor more brilliant than the rose, but because the crocus pops into view first. A crocus in July would cause no excitement at all. (pop=come suddenly)
0066. Happy is the man that loves flowers. It is a matter of gratitude that this gift of Providence is the most profusely given. Flowers can not be monopolized. The poor can have them as much as the rich. It does not require such an education to love and appreciate them as it would to admire a picture of Turner's or a statue of Michelangelo's.
0067. I wonder if the mirror isn't the world's worst invention. The optimist looks into a mirror and becomes too optimistic, the pessimist too pessimistic. Thus mirrors increase conceit or destroy confidence. Far better is seeing ourselves as reflected in the expressions on the faces of people we meet during the day. The way you look to others is apt to be nearer the truth than the way you may look to yourself.
0068. A lack of raw materials and industrial experience handicapped Japanese industry at the beginning of the Meiji period; and many European and American economists thought that it was not possible for Japan to compete with cheap
labour of China and India on the one hand and the efficient production of Western countries on the other.
0069. Do not be trouble because you have not great virtues. God made a million leaves of grass where he made one tree. The earth is carpeted, not with forests, but with grasses. Only have enough of little virtues, and you need not mourn because you are neither a hero nor a saint.
0070. The story of scientific discovery shows on the one hand unceasing labour in the search for truth, and, on the other, the application of the fruits of this labour to the achievement of man's desires. We see how he has gained more and more control over the materials he sees around him, so that not only metallic ores, coal, and wood, but the sea, and the air, are now made to yield a wealth of substances unknown to his forefathers.
0071. He would linger by the wayside, and follow the carriages with his eyes as they rattled downward by the river. It did not matter what it was; everything that went that way, were it cloud or carriage, bird or brown water in the stream, he felt his heart flow out after it in an ecstasy of Longing.
0072. The best teacher in the best college in the world cannot give a student an education. He can lead the way to the mine from which it can be dug, provide him with the proper tools, and show him how to use them. He can encourage him when disheartened, and spur him to more vigorous effort, but the student will own only so much of the precious metal as he digs for himself.
0073. Civilization has to1 do with the environment in which we live. Culture is concerned with life itself and the way it is lived. The contrast is not absolute. The two things are never completely separable. You cannot have a civilization with no culture, nor can you have a culture without some civilization.
0074. Of all men he is least capable of understanding his fellows. At home he is a little tyrant. His wife despises him in her heart. His son runs a bit wild-a very understandable reaction. But the moralist does not understand this. He does not try to find out why. He cannot put himself in his son's place. He cannot know how his children feel and think. He does not want to know. Always uppermost is the idea that his son ought to obey and ought to follow the rule.
0075. I had always imagined Warsaw, I can't think why, as a greystoned medieval town clambering up a hill; a town of dark alleys and narrow, crowded, twisted streets. And here it was, flat as a pancake, widely spaced, and predominantly yellow in colour. This last was largely the effect of the evening sunlight and the dust, for it had been a stifling day with no rain to cool the air.
0076. I remember a party given by my aunt, in the course of which one of my little friends contrived to lock me in a cupboard during a game of hide-and-seek. And, to tell the truth, I was so glad to escape from the horrors of my own hospitality that I kept as quiet as a mouse for the best part of an hour, crouching on the floor of that camphor-smelling cupboard.
0077. It was a dark, stormy September night that an old woman
sat by her fire knitting. The fire was low, for it was more for the sake of company than warmth, and it formed an agreeable contrast to the wind which whistled round the house, bearing on its wings the sound of the waves as they came crashing ashore. "God help those at sea, tonight, "said the old woman devoutly, as a stronger gust than usual shook the house.
0078. The child whose parents are fond of him accepts their affection as a law of nature, He does not think very much about it, although it is of great importance to his happiness. He thinks about the world, about the adventures that come his way and the more marvellous adventures that will come his way when he is grown up. But behind all these external interests there is the feeling that he will be protected from disaster by parental affection.
0079. Sometimes you just can't return every thing you stole. Last week, a beggar was caught in the act of trying to steal a bunch of bananas from a fruit store and duly taken to police headquarters. After a few questions, officers found out that every bit of the man-except his skin and bones-was stolen property. They couldn't exactly strip him nude so they sent him to jail in a stolen shirt and trousers.
0080. Some people tell fine stones of the use of atomic energy in industry, and the economies which will result. Such economies, if the world remains politically what it is now, will do nothing but harm, since they will set free a greater part of human energy for the purpose of mutual destruction.
0081. Today the boy and girl on leaving school, have a much wider choice of occupations than could be had in earlier days. Parents and children alike are often bewildered by the
number of avenues which may be entered. The choice then is no light affair, no matter to be settled off-hand.
0082. None of us in the presence of Socrates could have safely indulged in our normal practice of using words without a precise idea of their meaning. If Socrates was alive today, he would be asking our politicians, journalists, and others what exactly they meant by liberty or democracy or a classless society, or by any other slogan or catchword of the moment. It is the misfortune of every nation that Socrates is not alive and has left no successors.
0083. Most of us say things about ourselves that we should not like to hear other people say about us. We say them in order that they may not be believed. In the same way some people find satisfaction in foretelling the probability their early death. They like to have the assurance that that event is as remote as it is undesirable.
0084. It was not until the shadow of the forest had crept far across the lake and the darkening waters were still that we rose reluctantly to put dishes in the basket and start on our homeward journey. The reddish fires of the sunset were dying down behind us, the mist stealing, ghostlike, into the valleys below: in the sky appeared a silvery moon, which presently turned to gold.
0085. It was not until the shadow of the forest had crept far across the lake and the darkening waters were still that we rose reluctantly to put dishes in the basket and start on our homeward journey. The reddish fires of the sunset were dying down behind us, the mist stealing, ghostlike, into the valleys below: in the sky appeared a silvery moon, which presently
turned to gold.
0086. The January wind has a hundred voices. It can scream, it can whisper, and it can sing a lullaby. It can roar through the leafless oaks and shout down the hillside, and it can whistle down a chimney and set the hearth flames to dancing. On a sunny day it can pause in a sheltered spot and breathe a promise of spring and violets. In the cold of a lonely night it can rattle the windows and stay there muttering of ice and deep-frozen ponds, (a lullaby a cradle-song)
0087. My political ideal is democracy. Everyone should be respected as an individual, but no one idolized. Full well do I know that in order to attain any definite goal it is necessary that one person should do the thinking and commanding and carry most of the responsibility. But those who are led should not be driven, and they should be allowed to choose their leader.
0088. Morality is the weapon which society in the struggle for existence uses in its dealings with the individual. Society rewards those actions and praises those qualities which are necessary to its survival. The office of morality is to persuade the individual that what is of benefit to society is of benefit to him.
0089. A couple of weeks ago a broken bone in my foot made it necessary for me to limp around with a stick for several days. What was pleasant about this otherwise painful experience was the way I was treated by everyone. People opened doors for me, helped me into cabs, gave me room in elevators. Their consideration made it a temptation to keep the stick longer than I need to have. My spirit blossomed under this kind public treatment.
0090. A shy man's troubles are always very amusing to other people; and have afforded material for comic writing from time immemorial. But if we look a little deeper, we shall find there is a pathetic, one might almost say a tragic, side to the picture. A shy man means a lonely man-a man cut off from all companionship, all sociability.
0091. Unequalled in so many other ways, William Shakespeare has no rival in the extent and depth of his influence on the English language. The greatness of this influence does not consist in the number of new words which he added to the literary vocabulary but in the multitude of phrases derived from his. writings which have entered into literary language and daily conversation.
0092. All my legal liberties turn out in practice to be as closely dependent on property as were the liberties of my medieval ancestors. The rich can buy large quantities of freedom; the poor must do without it even though, by law and theoretically, they have as good a right to just as much of it as have the rich.
0093. In any company there is always to be found one whose pride it is that he is different from his fellows. He is, we are to understand, a being apart. However various and conflicting the views of others may be, he certainly will agree with none of them. Carrying to its final extreme the doctrine that the majority is always wrong, he is never happy unless he is in a minority of one.
0094. The decline of the village is one of the tragedies of English history, no less tragic because it is largely unrecognized. Now
that this decline is being stopped, and there are prospects of revival, it is essential to comprehend the new situation and to revive the village in a manner that is consistent with modern conditions and trends.
0095. If we were asked to define what we mean by science we might not agree on every point; but we think of it as following the method and spirit that are most familiar in the "natural"sciences, that is, as based on observation, on experiment, and on the testing of hypotheses by strict reasoning, very often of a mathematical character.
0096. The coming of the clock must have caused a great if gradual change in the social life of England. Its effects must have been felt in matters as widely separated as the keeping of a private engagement and the launching of a military attack. The watching of the heavens gave way to the watching of the dial and the hands.
0097. Philosophy, said Plato, begins in wonder. The child who wonders why her wax doll shuts its eyes, or her kitten wags its tail, has already set forward on the path that leads to philosophy and science. The differences among us the distinguish learned from ignorant depend merely upon how far we have carried our wonder; whether we are content to accept superficial answers, or still find our wonder unsatisfied, and press on with a new question as soon as our first is answered.
0098. I would not claim for a moment that those years I spent at that hospital as a doctor gave me a complete knowledge of human nature. I do not suppose anyone can hope to have that. I have been studying it, consciously or unconsciously, for
forty years and I still find men unaccountable; people I know intimately can surprise me by some action of which I never thought them capable.
0099. Democracy is, historically speaking, something very recent. It is first of all the belief that individual human beings are what matter most-more than the State, or the total of national wealth, or any-thing else whatever. Then it is the belief in equality, not in the sense that everybody is alike or equally gifted, which obviously untrue, but in the sense that everyone should have certain basic opportunities.
0100. Towards the end of autumn, the servant declared herself ill, and at twenty-four hours' notice quitted the house. As a matter of fact, she had received no wages for several months; the kindness with which she was otherwise treated had kept her at her post thus long, but she feared the possible increase of work in future, and preferred to go off unpaid.
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