잡스 영어

영어 어원(Etymology) #01

Jobs 9 2019. 3. 8. 15:41
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*a-= to; near

abet v. 선동하다 (aid and abet cf. bait 미끼)

abut v. 인접해 있다 (abut on the orchard cf. butt 이마로 들이받다)

abase v. 위신을 떨어뜨리다 (abase himself by telling a lie cf. base)

abate v. 줄이다 (abate the pain cf. base)

atop ad. 꼭대기에 (atop the flag pole cf. top)

aspire v. 갈망하다 (aspire to be the president *spire-= breathe cf. respiration 호흡)

 

*a-= no

abyss n. 심연 (an abyss of despair cf. base), 영화 어비스

atom n. 원자 (break to atoms *tom-=cut cf. anatomy 해부학 ana(up=완전히))

agnostic a. 불가지론의 (an agnostic theory *gno-= know cf. diagnosis 진찰)

atheist n. 무신론자 (an atheist who believes that there is no god *theo-= god cf. theology 신학)

asymmetrical a. 비대칭의 (Most human faces are asymmetrical. cf. symmetry 대칭) *sym=together *metry=measure

apathy n. 무관심 (have an apathy to the matter *path-= feel cf. telepathy)

 

*ac-= sour 신; sharp 예민한

acid n. 산/ a. 산성의 (acid rain)

acerbate a. 떫은/ v. 떫게 하다; 화나게 하다 (This tea tastes a little acerbate.)

acidulous a. 신맛이 나는 (taste acidulous)

acrid a. 신랄한 (acrid criticism)

exacerbate v. 악화시키다 (exacerbate his disease)

acute a. 날카로운 (acute disease)

acrimony n. 신랄함 (extreme acrimony in his attitude)

acrimonious a. 신랄한 (an acrimonious dispute)

acumen n. 날카로운 재주 (keen business acumen)

acetic a. 초의 (acetic acid)

acupuncture n. 침술 (acupuncture treatment *punc-= prick cf. puncture 구멍 뚫다)

 

*acro-= high

acrobat n. 공중줄타기 곡예사 (an acrobat walking along a rope)

acronym n. 머리글자 약자 (an acronym composed of initial letters *nym-= name cf. synonym 동의어)

acrophobia n. 고소공포증 (acrophobia, an unreasonable fear of heights cf. phobia 공포증)

 

*ad-= to; near

adjust v. 적응하다 (adjust to the new surrounding cf. just)

adhesive n. 접착제 (an adhesive envelope *hes-= stick to cf. hesitate 주저하다)

advent n. 도래 (the advent of spring *vent-= come: go cf. convention 회의) 벤트:환기구

adventure n. 모험 (a daring adventure)

adhere v. 달라붙다 (adhere to the surface *here-= stick to cf. inherent 본질적인)

adjoin v. 인접해있다 (adjoin my room cf. join)

adopt v. 채택하다 (adopt a son cf. option)

 

*aesthet-= feel

aesthetics n. 미학 (aesthetics as a branch of philosophy) 에스테틱(미용)

aesthetic a. 미학적인 (aesthetic clinic)

anaesthetic n. 마취제 (give an anaesthetic to the patient *an-= no cf. anonymous 익명의)

anaesthesia n. 마취 (the effect of anaesthesia)

 

*ag-= act

agile a. 민첩한 (agile creatures)

agent n. 대행자 (a travel agent)

agitate v. 선동하다 (agitate against the use of pesticides)

protagonist n. 주인공 (the protagonist in the movie *proto-= first cf. prototype 원형)

 

*ant-= opposite; against cf. antipathy 반감)

antagonist n. 반대자 (my antagonist in the argument

 

*agri-= soil

agronomy n. 농경법 (an expert in agronomy)

agrestic a. 촌뜨기 같은 (agrestic manners)

agriculture n. 농업 (an area unsuitable for agriculture)

agrichemical n. 농약 (reduce the use of agrichemicals)

agrarian a. 토지의 (agrarian reforms)

 

*ali-; all-= else(where)

alias n. 가명 (use an alias instead of his name)

alien n. 외계인 (close encounter with an alien)

alienated a. 소외된 (feel alienated among the experts)

alibi n. 현장 부재 증명 (perfect alibi)

allegory n. 우화 (an allegory in which characters symbolize something else)

 

*alt-= high

altitude n. 고도 (Your altitude is too low. Please pull up.)

altimeter n. 고도계 (The altimeter shows that we are flying at 7,000 feet above sea level.)

alto n. 알토 (본래는 남성 고음이었음) (the alto part in the choir)

exalt v. 높이 칭찬하다 (exalt him to the skies)

altar n. 제단 (put some offerings on the altar)

 

*alter-= other; change

altruist n. 박애주의자 (an altruist working for the poor)

alteration n. 변경 (some alteration in his behavior)

alter v. 바꾸다 (alter the conventional policy)

alternative n. 대안 (There is no alternative but to raise the rates.)

alternate a. 번갈아 있는 (the alternate contraction and relaxation)

alter ego n. 가까운 친구 (my alter ego who supports me)

 

*ambi-; amphi-= both; around

ambivert n. 양향성성격자 (Most people are ambiverts. *vert-= turn)

ambiguous a. 애매모호한 (try to get rid of ambiguous meanings)

ambivalent a. 양면적인 (She was ambivalent herself at his proposal. cf. value)

ambidextrous a. 양손을 잘 쓰는 (an ambidextrous baseball player *dexter-= right hand cf. dextrous 능숙한)

ambience n. 주변; 분위기 (enjoy the liberal ambience of the college)

amphibian n. 양서류 (A frog falls into an amphibian.)

amphitheater n. 원형 경기장; 원형 극장 (a Roman amphitheater)

 

*ambl-= go; roam; walk

amble v. 거닐다 (amble along the street)

preamble n. 조약의 서문 (the preamble of the treaty *pre-= before cf. precede 앞서가다)

ambulance n. 이동병원 (an ambulance taking a victim to the hospital)

somnambulism n. 몽유병 (a person suffering from somnambulism *somn-= sleep cf. insomnia 불면증)

 

*am(or)-= like; love

amiable a. 사랑스런 (an amiable child)

enamored a. 사랑에 빠진 (He is enamored of her.)

amity n. 우호 (amity between the two nations)

amorous a. 사랑에 빠진 (amorous Romeo)

 

*ampl-= big

ample a. 큰 (an ample room)

amplify v. 확대하다 (amplify sounds)

amplitude n. 음폭 (the amplitude of sounds)

amplifier n. 증폭기 (An amplifier is electronic equipment.)

 

*anim-= mind; spirit; life

animosity n. 적개심 (bear animosity toward him)

unanimous a. 만장일치의 (The students were unanimous in wanting the party. *uni-= one cf. unity)

animus n. 앙심 (bear animus toward the opponent)

inanimate a. 생명이 없는 (inanimate things, such as desks and chairs *in-= not)

animate v. 활기를 주다 (animate the students' faces)

animadversion n. 반감 (no animadversion toward his tormentor *vers-= turn cf. reverse 역전시키다)

 

*ann-; enn-= year

annual a. 일 년의 (rapid annual growth)

anniversary n. 기념식 (a husband who forgot the wedding anniversary)

annuity n. 연금 (receive annuity from the government)

biannual a. 연 2회의 (a biannual event taking place twice a year *bi-= two cf. bicycle)

annals n. 연대기 (last year's annals)

centennial a. 100주년의 (a centennial anniversary *cent-= 100 cf. century)

bicentennial a. 2백 주년의 (the bicentennial anniversary of the United States)

biennial a. 2년마다의 (a biennial event *bi-= two)

perennial a. 다년생의 (a perennial tree *per-= through cf. perfect)

 

*ante-; anti-= before; beforehand

antecedent n. 조상 (the prehistoric antecedents *cede-= go cf. intercede 중재하다)

antediluvian a. 대홍수 이전의; 태고 적의 (antediluvian ideas *di-= scatter *luv-= water cf. alluvial soil 홍수에 의해 쓸려 내려간 흙)

antenatal a. 산전의 (antenatal checkup *nat-= birth cf. native)

anteroom n. 대기실 (wait in the anteroom)

antedate v. 날짜에서 앞서다 (antedate this record by 1,000 years)

anticipate v. 기대하다 (anticipate the decision *cip-= take)

anterior a. 이전의 (anterior to the incident)

 

*anthropo-= human being

anthropoid n. 유인원 (an anthropoid walking on two feet)

anthropology n. 인류학 (major in anthropology)

philanthropist n. 박애주의자 (a philanthropist working for others *phil-= like cf. philharmonic)

misanthrope n. 염세주의자 (a misanthrope avoiding others *mis-= hate cf. misogamist 결혼을 싫어하는 사람)

 

*anti-= against

antibiotic n. 항생제 (take the antibiotics *bio-= life cf. biology)

antibody n. 항체 (an antibody destroying substances which carry disease)

antithesis n. 정반대 (the antithesis of what I think a lady has to be *thesis-= set cf. synthesis 종합)

anticlimax n. 끝이 재미없는 결말 (an anticlimax disappointing the audience)

antidote n. 해독제 (an antidote that stops the effect of the poison *dot-= poison)

antipathy n. 반감 (an antipathy between the partners *pathy-= feel cf. sympathy 공감)

 

*apt-= fit; adjust

adapt v. 적응하다 (adapt oneself to the surroundings)

apt a. 적당한 (be apt to forget)  cf : APT(apartment)

adept a. 적성이 있는 (be adept in making shoes) *ad(to)+ept(유능한)

aptitude n. 적성 (have an aptitude for making things)

inapt a. 부적당한 (be inapt for the situation)

inept a. 적성이 없는; 서투른 (be inept in doing everything)

 

*aqua-= water

aquatic a. 수중의 (aquatic life)

aquarium n. 수족관 (an aquarium containing some fishes)

Aqualung n. 수중 산소통 (Divers use Aqualungs to breathe underwater. cf. lung 허파)

aqueduct n. 수로 (an aqueduct carrying a water supply *duct-= draw cf. introduction 서론)

 

*arch-= chief; first; ancient

anarchy n. 무정부 상태 (in a state of anarchy without a leader *an-= no cf. anaesthetic 마취제)

archetype n. 원형 (the Flyer, an archetype of a modern plane)

archaeology n. 고고학 (archaeology, a study of the history and culture of ancient societies)

monarch n. 군주 (a monarch enjoying absolute ruling power *mono-= one cf. monotonous 단조로운)

patriarch n. 족장 (the patriarch of the family *pater-= father cf. patron 후원자)

archaic a. 오래된 (an archaic word which is out of use today)

 

*ard-; ars-= burn

ardor n. 열정 (the ardor of youth)

ardent a. 열렬한 (an ardent patriot)

arduous a. 힘겨운 (arduous work)

arson n. 방화범죄 (an arson case)

 

*ari-= sand; dry

arena n. 경기장 (a sports arena)

arid a. 모래땅의 (arid land)

semiarid a. 준 사막의 (semiarid land *semi-= half cf. semicircle 반원. semicolon; colon:)

arenaceous a. 모래땅의 (an arenaceous area)

 

*arm-= weapon; armor

arms n. 무기 (Farewell to Arms)

armada n. 함대 (the Invincible Armada of Spain)

armistice n. 휴전협정 (the armistice terminating the war) arm+st(stay)+ice(추상명사 어미)

armor n. 갑옷 (a suit of armor)

disarmament n. 무장해제 (disarmament after the war)

armadillo n. 아마딜로 (an armadillo having body and head encased in an armor-like plate)

 

*aster-= star

astronaut n. 우주조종사 (an astronaut traveling in a spacecraft *naut-= sailor cf. aeronautics 항공술)

asteroid n. 소 유성 (collide with an asteroid)

astronomer n. 천문학자 (an astronomer studying various constellations *nom-= manage cf. economy)

astrology n. 점성술 (Astrology is thought to be pseudoscience.)

disaster n. 재난 (a tsunami disaster *dis-= scatter cf. distribute 분배하다)

 

*audio-= hear

audit n. 회계감사/ v. 회계감사하다 (audit the company)

audio-visual a. 시청각의 (audio-visual aids)

auditorium n. 강당 (A lecture is going on in the auditorium. *-ium= place cf. gymnasium 체육관)

audience n. 청중 (a large audience in the auditorium)

audible a. 귀로 들을 수 있는 (an audible sound)

 

*auto-= self

autograph n. 친필서명 (ask an actor for his autograph *graph-= writing; drawing cf. photography)

autonomy n. 자치권 (struggle for autonomy *nom-= manage)

automaton n. 로봇 (an automaton used in an assembly line)

automated a. 자동화된 (an automated teller machine)

autocrat n. 독재자 (an autocrat with absolute power *crat-= ruler cf. democrat)

autism n. 자폐증 (a child suffering from autism)

 

*avi-= bird

aviculture n. 조류사육 (aviculture, or the raising of birds)

aviatrix n. 여류비행사 (a world-famous aviatrix, Amelia Earhart)

aviator n. 남자비행사 (an aviator flying solo)

avian a. 조류의 (avian influenza)

aviation n. 비행 (a 1-week crash course at an aviation school)

aviary n. 조류사육장 (birds confined in an aviary)

 

*bar-= bar; obstruct

barrier n. 장벽 (a language barrier)

barrister n. 변호사 (a barrister and his client *-ster-= person cf. youngster)

embarrassed a. 당황한 (feel embarrassed)

embargo n. 항구봉쇄 (an embargo on arms shipments)

barricade n. 철책 (set up a barricade to check the advance of the enemy)

barrel n. 나무통 (one barrel of crude oil)

 

* bat-= beat; fight

battalion n. 전투부대 (God is for the battalion.)

batter v. 때리다 (batter him on the head)

combat n. 전투 (a close combat)

debate n. 토론 (open the debate *de-= down cf. degrade)

battle n. 전투 (a battle for existence)

 

*bel-= fight

Bellona n. 전쟁의 여신 (Bellona, the goddess of war)

bellicose a. 호전적인 (a bellicose attitude)

belligerent a. 호전적인 (a belligerent nation)

rebellion n. 반란 (a rebellion against the tyrant *re-= against cf. resistant)

rebel n. 반란자 (a rebel who contrives to overthrow the government)

 

*bell-= beauty

belle n. 미인 (Belle, the protagonist in Beauty and the Beast)

embellish v. 장식하다 (embellish the hall with many decorations)

 

*bene-= good

beneficiary n. 수혜자 (the beneficiary of the tax reform *fic-= make cf. fiction)

benefactor n. 자선가 (a benefactor helping the poor *fac-= do; make cf. factory)

benefit n. 이익 (great fringe benefits)

benediction n. 축복 (benediction on him and his descendants *dict-= words cf. predict)

benevolent a. 마음이 착한 (a benevolent employer *vol-= will cf. volunteer)

beneficial a. 이로운 (a beneficial influence)

benign a. 온화한 (a benign climate)

 

*bi-= two

bifocal a. 이중 초점의 (bifocal glasses cf. focus)

biannual a. 반년마다의 (a biannual event *ann-= year cf. anniversary)

bilateral a. 양면적인 (a bilateral contract *lateral-= side cf. multilateral 다양한)

binary a. 이원적인 (a binary compound)

 

*bibl-= book

bibliography n. 참고문헌 (a bibliography, or a list of the works referred to *graph-= write; draw cf. monograph 전공논문)

bibliomaniac n. 장서광증환자 (a bibliomaniac who is extremely preoccupied with collecting books)

bibliophile n. 책 애호가 (a bibliophile who really loves books *phil-= like cf. philharmonic 음악을 좋아하는)

 

*bio-= life

antibiotic n. 항생제 (the abuse of antibiotics)

biome n. 생물군계 (a biome, or a major ecological community type)

symbiosis n. 공생 (the symbiosis between the native species and the immigrants *sym-= together)

symbiotic a. 공생의 (symbiotic existence)

biological a. 생물학적인 (biological research)

 

*bon-= good

boon n. 은혜; 혜택 (prove a great boon to him)

bonus n. 상여금 (be granted a special bonus)

bona fide a. 진짜의 (a bona fide specimen *fid-= trust cf. confident 자신감이 있는)

bonanza n. 횡재 (strike a bonanza)

bon voyage n. 즐거운 여행 (Bon voyage!)

bon vivant n. 미식가 (a bon vivant, or an epicure)

bonny a. (처녀가) 아름다운 (a bonny lady)

 

*brac-= arm

embrace v. 껴안다 (embrace him)

bracelet n. 팔찌 (wear a bracelet)

brachial a. 팔모양의 (a brachial form)

brachiosaurus n. 수각류 공룡 (It is often said that a bird evolved from a brachiosaurus.)

 

*but-= forehead

abut v. 인접해있다 (abut on the highway *a-= near cf. around)

rebut v. 반박하다 (rebutting evidence *re-= against cf. resistance)

butt v. 간섭하다 (butt in the affairs of others)

rebuttal n. 반박 (a rebuttal in a lawsuit *re-= against)

 

*caco-= bad; wrong

cacophony n. 불협화음 (make cacophony with his guitar *phon-= sound cf. telephone)

cacography n. 틀린 철자 (cacography, or a typo *graph-= writing; letter cf. calligraphy 서예)

 

*cad-; cas-; cid-= fall

cascade n. 폭포 (a small cascade in the valley)

cadence n. 억양 (pronounce the sentence with no cadence)

casualty n. 사고; 희생자 수 (total casualties)

decadent a. 몰락한: 퇴폐적인 (a decadent age *de-= down cf. degrade 몰락시키다)

deciduous a. 낙엽성의 (a deciduous tree)

 

*cal-; caul-; chal-; cha-= heat

calorie n. 열량 (How many calories do you take a day?)

nonchalant a. 냉담한 (a nonchalant attitude *non-= no cf. nontoxic 독성이 없는)

cauldron n. 큰 가마솥 (make soap in a cauldron)

chafe v. 마찰시키다 (chafe against the rock)

 

*cal(c)-= pebble; lime; hard; heel; kick

calcium n. 칼슘 (calcium, or an important mineral)

recalcitrant a. 반항적인 (recalcitrant youth *re-= against)

callous a. 무감각한 (callous irresponsibility)

calcify v. 굳어지다 (calcify like stone)

calcite n. 방해석 (calcite consisting of calcium carbonate)

 

*camer-= chamber

chamber n. 방 (chamber music)

bicameral a. 양원제의 (a bicameral legislature *bi-= two cf. bilateral 양면적인)

camera n. 사진기; 방 (camera obscura)

comrade n. 친구 (my comrade sharing the dormitory room)

 

*cand-; cend-; cens-; cin-= fire; light; bright

candid a. 명백한; 솔직한 (to be candid with you)

incinerate v. 소각시키다 (Please do not incinerate this container.)

incandescent a. 빛나는 (an incandescent light bulb)

incendiary a. 선동적인/ n. 방화범 (an incendiary speech)

incense n. 향/ v. 분향하다 (offer incense to their worshipped god)

candor n. 솔직 (the candor with which he acknowledged his fault)

 

*cant-; chant-= sing; call; shout

chant v. 구호를 외치다; 읊조리다 (chant a slogan)

cantata n. 성악곡 (a cantata sung to an instrumental accompaniment)

recant v. 취소하다 (recant his statement cf. recall)

enchant v. 매혹하다 (enchant her to the point of tears)

incantation n. 주문 (speak an incantation as a part of a ritual)

canto n. 장시의 한 편 (a canto of a long poem)

canticle n. 찬송가 (sing a canticle)

 

*cap-; cip-= head

per capita a. 개인당의 (per capita income)

capitation n. 인두세 (a capitation imposed on each person)

capitol n. 국회의사당 (the capitol building of the nation)

capitalize v. 대문자로 쓰다 (capitalize the first letter)

decapitate v. 참수하다; 단두하다 (decapitate the prisoner *de-= away cf. detour 우회하다)

precipice n. 절벽 (fall down from the precipice *pre-= beforehand cf. precede 앞서가다)

precipitate v. 재촉하다 (precipitate his ruin)

 

*capt-; cept-; ceive-= catch; take

captivate v. 체포하다; 매료시키다 (captivate him with her beauty)

capsule n. 요약; 캡슐/ v. 요약하다/ a. 요약된 (a capsule report)

captive n. 포로 (be held captive)

capture v. 체포하다; 깨닫다 (capture the meaning)

captivity n. 체포; 감금 (animals in captivity)

deceive v. 속이다 (deceive him with a trick *de-= down cf. decadent 몰락한)

conceive v. 임신하다; 생각하다; 구상하다 (conceive a plan)

perceive v. 깨닫다; 감지하다 (perceive a thing approaching *per-= perfect cf. perfect)

perceptive a. 감각의 (a perceptive verb)

conception n. 임신 (a 9-month conception period)

intercept v. 가로채다 (intercept a ball *inter-= between cf. international)

receive v. 받다 (receive an E-mail)

 

*card-; cord-= heart

cardinal a. 주요한 (the cardinal point of the speech)

cardiac a. 심장의 (a cardiac problem)

accord n. 의견일치 (come to an accord *ac-<*ad-= near cf. access 접근)

concord n. 화목 (live in concord)

discord n. 불화 (be in discord *dis-= different)

cordial a. 융숭한; 마음이 따스한 (the host's cordial treatment)

 

*carni-= flesh; body

carnivore n. 육식동물 (a carnivore eating only flesh *vor-= throat cf. voracious 게걸스런)

carnal a. 육욕적인 (carnal desire)

incarnation n. 화신 (an incarnation of kindness)

carnivorous a. 육식성의 (a carnivorous animal)

carnage n. 대학살 (carnage in the battle)

carrion n. 썩은 고기 (a scavenger eating carrion)

 

*cast-= pure

caste n. 카스트 제도 (India's caste has four statuses, Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaisya, and Sudra)

chastity n. 정숙함 (decent ladies' chastity)

chastise v. 응징하다 (chastise him for his sins)

castigate v. 매질하다; 징계하다 (castigate the prisoner)

 

*caval-; chival-= horse

cavalcade n. 기마대 (행렬) (a cavalcade's parade)

cavalry n. 기병대 (cavalry and infantry)

chivalry n. 기사도 (the age of chivalry)

chevalier n. 기사 (a chevalier or a knight)

 

*cede-; ceed-; cess-= go

concede v. 양보하다; 양도하다 (concede us the right to the land *con-= together)

accede v. 동의하다 (accede to the suggestion *ac-<*ad-= near)

recede v. 물러나다 (recede to the background *re-= back)

secede v. 탈퇴하다 (secede from the union *se-= separate cf. seduce 유혹하다)

antecedent n. 조상; 선조/ a. 앞서가는 (an antecedent from the past

 

*ante-= beforehand

antenna 안테나, 앞에서 감지

anticipate 예상하다.

cf. antedate 날짜에서 앞서다)

excessive a. 지나친 (excessive consumption of sugar *ex-= out cf. exit 출구)

secession n. 탈퇴 (South Carolina's secession from the Union *se-= separate)

intercede v. 중재하다 (intercede between the union and the management)

concession n. 양보 (concession on both sides *con-= together cf. congregate 함께 모이다)

access n. 접근 (an easy access to the site *ac-<*ad-= to)

recess n. 휴가 (Christmas recess *re-= back)

predecessor n. 선조; 선행 (share the fate of the predecessor *pre-= beforehand cf. preview 예습)

procession n. 행렬 (the funeral procession)

succeed v. 뒤따르다 (the succeeding 3 years *suc-<*sub-= down)

 

*cern-; crete-= discern; separate

discern v. 분별하다 (discern good from evil)

concern v. 관심을 갖다; 관계가 있다 (That doesn't concern me.)

discrete a. 별개의 (discrete distribution)

discreet a. 분별이 있는 (be discreet in doing everything)

secret n. 비밀/ a. 비밀의 (a top secret *se-= separate)

 

*cetus-= whale

cetacean n. 고래 (79 species of cetaceans)

odontocete n. 이빨고래 (an odontocete with cone-shaped teeth *dent-; dont-= tooth)

Cetus n. 고래좌 (the constellation 'Cetus')

 

*chron-= time

chronicle v. 시간 순으로 기록하다 n. 연대기 (write a chronicle on American Indians)

chronometer n. 정밀시계 (a precise chronometer *meter-= gauge cf. thermometer 온도계)

chronic a. 만성적인 (a chronic disease)

synchronize v. 시간 맞추다 (synchronized swimming *syn-= the same)

anachronism n. 시대착오 (It is an anachronism to say that Nelson used a submarine. *ana-= scatter cf. analysis)

chronological a. 시대순의 (a chronological  order)

 

*cid-; cis-= cut

pesticide n. 살충제 (cut down the use of pesticides cf. pest)

insecticide n. 살충제 (malign effects of insecticides cf. insect)

fratricidal a. 동족상잔의 (a fratricidal war *frater-= brother cf. fraternity 남학생 동아리)

incision n. 절개 (perform an operation without an incision)

suicide n. 자살 (commit suicide *sui-= self)

genocide n. 종족말살 (Adolf Hitler's genocide *gen-= class; race cf. genre)

concise a. 간략한 (explain it in a concise way *con-= all)

precise a. 정확한 (tally with her intention precisely *pre-= before)

 

*cit-= summon; call

cite v. 인용하다 (cite his remark)

recite v. 암송하다 (recite a poem)

resuscitate v. 소생시키다 (resuscitate the dying victim *re-= again; *sur-= up cf. surface 표면)

incite v. 자극하다 (incite him to work hard)

excite v. 흥분시키다 (excite his jealousy)

 

*claim-; clam-= shout

disclaim v. 포기하다 (disclaim his legal claim *dis-= away)

proclaim v. 선언하다 (proclaim an amnesty)

claim n. 요구/ v. 요구하다 (a matter claiming our attention)

clamorous a. 시끄러운 (a clamorous argument)

exclaim v. 감탄하다 (exclaim with joy)

acclaim v. 칭송하다 (an acclaimed poet)

 

*clin-; cliv-= tilt

declivity n. 내리막길 (a downward declivity)

acclivity n. 오르막길 (an acclivity up to the hill)

decline n. 몰락 (a sharp decline)

recline v. 기대다 (recline on the sofa *re-= against)

incline v. 경향이 있다 (feel inclined to attend the party)

anticline n. 배사습곡 (anticline folding)

syncline n. 향사층 (syncline folding)

 

*clos-; clud-; clus-= boundary; close

closet n. 벽장; 서재 (put the dress in the closet)

cloister n. 수도원 (live in the cloister)

include v. 포함시키다 (be included in the same group)

exclude v. 제외시키다 (be excluded from the group)

recluse n. 은둔자 (a recluse living alone *re-= away)

conclusion n. 결론 (jump to the conclusion)

exclusive a. 배타적인 (an exclusive club)

preclude v. 막다 (preclude all means of escape *pre-= beforehand)

 

*cogno-; gno-= know

incognito ad. 신분을 감추고; 암행으로 (travel incognito)

recognize v. 깨닫다 (I didn't recognize him at the moment. *re-= again)

cognizant a. 인식하는 (We should be cognizant of the importance of the matter.)

diagnose v. 진단하다 (The doctor began to diagnose his patient with a stethoscope. *dia-= thorough)

precognition n. 선견 (clairvoyant precognition *pre-= beforehand)

 

*contra-; counter-= against; face

encounter v. 마주치다 n. 마주침 (close encounter)

countervail v. 맞서다; 대항하다 (countervail the poison *vail-= go cf. available)

counter a. 반대의/ ad. 반대로 (run counter to his parents' wishes)

counterblow n. 반격 (deliver a counterblow cf. blow)

contrary n. 정반대 (on the contrary)

contrast n. 대조 (a nation of contrast)

counterclockwise ad. 시계 반대 방향으로 (turn counterclockwise *wise-= toward cf. otherwise)

con n. 반대의견 (There can be pros and cons concerning this matter.)

 

*coron-= crown

corona n. 화관; 태양의 광관 (the corona around the sun)

coronary a. 관상의; 왕관 모양의 (the coronary artery)

crown n. 왕관 (the crown of thorns)

corolla n. 화관 (the corolla surrounding the petals)

 

*corp-= body

corps n. 해병대; 단체 (marine corps)

corpse n. 시체 (bury the corpse)

corporeal a. 육체적인 (the corporeal world)

incorporate v. 단체를 만들다; 합치다 (incorporate the colonies)

corpulent a. 비만한 (an extremely corpulent lady)

 

*cours-; curs-= run; go

recourse n. 의지(가 되는 존재) (without recourse to anyone *re-= again)

concourse n. 합류점; 집합 (the concourse of the two rivers)

cursive a. 흘림체의 (a cursive style)

precursor n. 전령; 선구자 (the precursor of the modern plane)

cursory a. 서두르는 (a cursory glance)

incursion n. 침략 (make incursions into the nation *in-= in)

excursion n. 소풍 (make an excursion to the seashore *ex-= out)

cursorial a. 뛰어다니는 (an ostrich, or a cursorial bird)

discursive a. 종잡을 수 없는 (discursive remarks *dis-= scatter)

 

*cuss-= shake; strike

concussion n. 진동; 충격; 뇌진탕 (cerebral concussion)

percussion n. 충격; 타악기 (with percussion accompaniment *per-= perfect)

repercussion n. 영향; 충격 (dull the repercussion of the incident)

 

*cred-= trust

incredible a. 믿을 수 없는 (an incredible story)

credulous a. 잘 믿는 (a credulous person ready to believe)

creditor n. 채권자 (a creditor and a debtor)

creed n. 신조 (the Apostles' Creed)

 

*cub-; cum-; cumb-= lay; lie

accumulate v. 축적되다; 축적하다 (accumulate a large fortune)

encumber v. 부담을 주다 (be encumbered with cares)

succumb v. 굴복하다 (succumb to the pressure *suc-<sub-= under)

cumbersome a. 무거운; 힘겨운 (cumbersome work)

incumbent a. 현직의 (the incumbent president)

incubator n. 부화기 (put the baby in the incubator)

 

*decera-= proper; good; decorate

decent a. 정숙한 (a decent lady)

decorum n. 예절 (have high regard for decorum)

decorate v. 장식하다 (decorate the room with flowers)

indecorous a. 버릇없는 (an indecorous, spoiled child)

 

*deci-= ten

decimate v. 열 명당 하나 꼴로 죽이다; 마구 죽이다 (decimate  animals)

deciliter n. 데시리터 (One liter is equal to ten deciliters.)

December n. 12월 (December was the tenth month in the old days.)

decade n. 10년 (for three decades)

decimal a. 10진법의 (a decimal system)

 

*dexter-= right hand

dexterous a. 능숙한 (be dexterous in doing whatever work)

ambidextrous a. 양손을 다 잘 쓰는 (an ambidextrous hitter *ambi-= both cf. ambiguous 애매한)

dexterity n. 능숙함 (dexterity in handling the situation)

 

*dia-= through

diagnosis n. 진찰 (a diagnosis of the patient *gno-= know cf. prognosis 예견)

diameter n. 직경 (the diameter of the circle *meter-= measure)

diaphanous a. 투명한 (a diaphanous dress *phan-= show cf. cellophane)

diagonal a. 대각선의 (a diagonal line *gon-= angle cf. Pentagon)

 

*dict-= say

diction n. 어법 (clarity of diction)

edict n. 포고; 칙령 (the king's edict *e-= out)

indict v. 고발하다; 기소하다 (indict him for murder *in-= in)

interdict v. 금지하다 (interdict trade with the neighboring nation *inter-= between)

verdict n. 판결 (reach a verdict *ver-= truth cf. verity)

contradict v. 모순되게 말하다; 반박하다 (I'm sorry to contradict you. *contra-= against cf. contrast)

abdicate v. 포기하다 (abdicate his throne *ab-= away cf. abroad)

dictate v. 지시하다; 받아쓰게 하다 (dictate a letter to his secretary)

benediction n. 축복 (pronounce a benediction on him *bene-= good cf. benefit)

malediction n. 저주 (pronounce a malediction on him *male-= bad cf. malaria)

 

*doc-= teach

doctor n. 박사; 의사 (a doctor of law)

doctrine n. 교리; 주의 (the Monroe Doctrine)

docile a. 유순한; 쉽게 가르침을 받는 (My brother is not docile.)

 

*dol-= grief

condole v. 위로하다 (condole with a person on his affliction *con-= together)

condolences n. 위로 (My deepest condolences!)

doleful a. 슬픈 (a doleful melody)

dolorous a. 슬픈 (a dolorous departure)

 

*dom-= house; dictate

domicile n. 집 (move to a new domicile)

domestic a. 가내의 (domestic chores)

indomitable a. 지배할 수 없는 (an indomitable belief)

domineering a. 지배적인; 독재적인 (a domineering husband)

domesticate v. 길들이다 (a domesticated cat)

domain n. 지배영역 (It's out of my domain.)

condominium n. 연립주택 (condominium complex)

 

*done-= give

donate v. 기증하다 (donate money to the charity organization)

donor n. 기증자 (an organ donor)

donator n. 기증자 (an organ donator)

condone v. 용서하다 (condone his crime *con-= all)

 

*duce-; duct-= draw

induce v. 유도하다 (induce him to study hard)

conduction n. 전도 (Heat travels by conduction.)

reduce v. 줄이다 (reduce expenses *re-= down)

conduce v. 유도하다; 기여하다 (conduce to health)

deduce v. 결론을 이끌다. 연역하다. (deduce a conclusion *de-= down) induce

deduction Vs, induction(연역법 Vs, 귀납법)

aqueduct n. 수로 (build an aqueduct *aqua-= water cf. aquarium 수족관)

conductor n. 지휘자 (the conductor of the orchestra)

deduct v. 공제하다 (deduct $30 from his salary)

 

*dur-= endure

during

durable a. 질긴; 내구성이 있는 (durable materials)

endure v. 견디다 (endure hardships)

Duracell n. 듀라셀 (건전지 상표이름)

 

*dys-= bad

dystrophy n. 영양실조 (dystrophy caused by an unbalanced diet *trophy-= nutrition cf. hypertrophy)

dyslexia n. 읽기 장애 (suffer from dyslexia *lexi-= word cf. lexicographer 사전 편집가)

dyspepsia n. 소화불량 (dyspepsia, one of the common diseases of modern men cf. pepsin)

dyslogistic a. 욕설의 (dyslogistic remarks *log-= words cf. monologue)

 

*eccle-= assemble; church

ecclesia n. 교회 회중 (the ecclesia in the church)

ecclesiastical a. 교회의 (ecclesiastical history)

ecclesiastic a. 성직자의; 교회의 (ecclesiastic dignity)

 

*emp(t)-= take out

exempt a. 면제된 (be exempt from the test *ex-= out)

redemption n. 구원 (beyond redemption *re(d)-= again cf. redundant 넘쳐나는)

exemplify v. 예시하다 (exemplify one case)

peremptory a. 강제적인 (a peremptory mandamus *per-= perfect)

 

*epi-= upon

epidermis n. 표피; 피부의 겉 표면 (the epidermis, or the outer layer of the skin)

epithet n. 별호; 별명 (Ulysses earned the epithet 'the crafty.')

epiphyte n. 기생식물 (an epiphyte, or a plant that lives on the surface of a tree)

epidemic n. 유행병 (the epidemic H1N1)

 

*equi-= equal

equation n. 방정식 (a chemical equation)

equitable a. 공정한 (an equitable treatment)

equipoise n. 평형 (equipoise between the two cf. poise 추)

equinox n. 춘분; 추분 (the vernal equinox *nox-= night)

equivalent a. 동등한 가치의 (be equivalent to an insult *val-= value cf. valuable)

equanimous a. 침착한 (stay equanimous even in the disturbance

*anim-= mind cf. unanimous)

inequality n. 차이; 불공정 (the inequality between the rich and the poor *in-= not)

equivocal a. 애매한 (an equivocal answer *voc-= call cf. vocal)

equator n. 적도 (right on the equator)

 

*ethno-= race

ethnic a. 인종의 (an ethnic restaurant)

ethnocentric a. 자기 인종 중심적인 (his ethnocentric attitude cf. center)

ethnology n. 인종학 (major in ethnology)

 

*eu-= good

euphoria n. 기대심리 (be engrossed in euphoria)

eulogize v. 칭송하다 (eulogize the deceased poet *log-= say cf. dialogue)

euphonium n. 유포늄 (악기 명) (play the euphonium *phon-= sound cf. telephone)

eugenics n. 우생학 (eugenics aiming at giving birth to better species

*gen-= birth cf. gene)

euphemism n. 완곡어법 ('To pass away' is the euphemism of 'to die.')

euphuism n. 미사여구 (a book full of euphuism)

 

*ex(tri)-= out

extrinsic a. 외부적인 (an extrinsic matter)

exotic a. 외국산의 (an exotic fish)

extricate v. 얽힌 것을 풀다 (extricate him out of danger *tric-= fold cf. tricky)

extroverted a. 외향적인 (an extroverted person *vert-= turn)

exodus n. 탈출 (the Exodus from Egypt *odo-= way cf. odometer 주행기록기)  

 

*fac-; fec-; fic-; feas-; feat-; feit-; fit-; -fy= do; make

fictitious a. 허구적인 (a fictitious story)

confectionery n. 제과점 (some cookies made from this confectionery *con-= together)

defect n. 결함 (physical defects *de-= downward; down)

defeasible a. 파기할 수 있는 (defeasible only with two months' prior written notice *de-= away cf. detour)

factitious a. 인공적인; 가짜의 (shed factitious tears)

feat n. 업적 (an amazing feat)

defeat v. 패배시키다 (defeat the enemy *de-= down)

forfeit v. 잃다 (forfeit his deposit

*for-= outdoors cf. forest; forbid)

counterfeit a. 위조의 (counterfeit money *counter-= against cf. counterblow 반격)

feasible a. 실천할 수 있는 (a feasible plan)

profit n. 이익 (sell at a profit *pro-= forward)

faction n. 당파 (faction fighting)

affection n. 사랑 (maternal affection *af-< *ad-= near)

affectation n. 겉치레 (an affectation of speech *af-< *ad-= to)

effect n. 영향 (a malign effect *ef-<*ex-= out)

gratify v. 기쁘게 하다 (gratify his parents *grat-= delight cf. congratulate)

 

*fall-= false; deceive

fallacy n. 오류; 잘못된 생각 (full of fallacy)

failure n. 실패; 부족 (a failure in duty)

default n. 태만 (lose the game by default)

fallible a. 실수가 있는 (fallible human beings)

falsehood n. 거짓 (tell a falsehood)

infallible a. 실수가 없는 (No man is infallible.)

 

*fer-= carry; put

prefer v. 선호하다 (prefer to live alone)

circumference n. 원주 (the circumference of a circle *circum-= around cf. circumstance)

defer v. 굴복하다; 복종하다; 따르다 (defer to parents' wishes *de-= down)

infer v. 암시하다 (His silence infers consent.)

ferry n. 나룻배 (ride a ferry to the island)

conference n. 회의 (an international conference)

interference n. 간섭 (gratuitous interference *inter-= between cf. intervene 중재하다)

vociferous a. 시끄러운 (vociferous wrangles *voc-= call; sound cf. vocal)

luminiferous a. 빛나는 (a luminiferous body *lum-= light cf. illuminate)

 

*fid-= trust

fidelity n. 성실 (give high regard for fidelity)

confidential a. 비밀의 (a confidential report)

confide v. 비밀을 믿고 말하다 (confide her secret in me)

diffident a. 소심한 (a diffident beginner *dif-<*dis-= not)

perfidy n. 배반 (an act of perfidy *per-= through; perforate)

 

*fili-= son; daughter

filial a. 자식의; 효성스런 (filial piety)

affiliate n. 자회사 v. 가입시키다; 관계를 맺다 (affiliated company)

 

*fin-= end; boundary

finis n. 끝 (the finis of the movie)

finale n. 최후의 막 (the finale of the drama)

definitive a. 결정적인 (a definitive edition)

confine v. 가두다 (be confined to a wheelchair *con-= at one place)

affinity n. 친밀함 (have an affinity with each other *af-<ad-= near)

definition n. 해상도; 정의 (high definition TV)

fine a. 가느다란 (fine hair)

 

*flect-; flex-= bend

reflection n. 반사 (see my reflection in the mirror)

deflect v. 빗나가다 (deflect from the original purpose *de-= away)

flexible a. 유연한 (a flexible body)

reflexes n. 반사 신경 (check his reflexes)

 

*flict-= strike

conflict n. 갈등 (be in conflict)

afflict v. 고통을 주다 (be afflicted with the disease *af-<*ad-= to)

inflict v. 고통을 주다; 형벌을 주다 (inflict a blow on him)

profligate n. 방탕아 (a profligate who is out of control)

 

*flor-= flower

floral a. 꽃의 (floral designs)

floriculture n. 원예 (be engaged in floriculture)

florist n. 꽃가게 주인; 원예가 (a florist selling flowers)

florescence n. 화려함 (florescence of the culture)

florid a. 꽃 색깔의; 혈색이 좋은 (a florid complexion)

 

*flu-= flow

fluid n. 유동체 (body fluids)

flux n. 유동 (be in a state of flux)

fluctuation n. 변동 (sharp fluctuations)

influx n. 유입 (an influx of Chinese people *in-= in)

fluent a. 유창한 (a fluent speaker of English)

 

*foli-= leaf

folic a. 잎의 (folic acid)

foliage n. 잎사귀 (dense foliage)

latifoliate a. 활엽수의 (a latifoliate tree *lati-= wide cf. latitude)

portfolio n. 포트폴리오 (prepare a portfolio)

foliation n. 발엽 (alternate foliation)

 

*for-= outdoors

forbid v. 금지시키다 (forbid him to smoke cf. bid)

forswear v. 맹세코 버리다; 거짓 맹세하다 (forswear himself cf. swear)

forest n. 숲 (a tropical rain forest)

forgo v. 없애다; 없이 지내다 (forgo his nap cf. go)

forfeit v. 잃다 (forfeit his key money *feit-= make cf. counterfeit money)

foreign a. 외국의 (foreign workers cf. reign)

 

*ford-; fort-= force; strong

afford v. 살 능력이 있다 (afford to buy a car *af-<*ad-= to)

forte n. 강점 (his forte and foible)

effort n. 노력 (make an effort *ef-<*ex-= out)

fortitude n. 용기 (show a lot of fortitude)

comfort n. 위로 (words of comfort *com-= together)

fortress n. 요새 (set up a fortress for defense)

 

*found-; fund-= foundation; base

foundation n. 기초 (pour foundations)

fund n. 자금 (for lack of funds)

refund n. 환불 (I'd like a refund. cf. fund)

fundamental a. 근본적인 (fundamental human rights)

profound a. 심오한 (profound knowledge)

 

*fract-; frag-; frai-; frang-; fring-; fric-= break

frail a. 약한 (a frail person)

fragmentary a. 단편적인 (fragmentary knowledge)

fragile a. 깨지기 쉬운 (Anything fragile in it?)

infract v. 위반하다 (infract the law)

frangible a. 깨지기 쉬운 (a frangible pot)

infringe v. 침해하다 (infringe on his privacy)

friction n. 마찰; 불화 (friction between the partners)

refraction n. 굴절 (the index of refraction *re-= away cf. remote)

fracture v. 골절시키다 (fracture his leg)

fraction n. 조각; 단편; 분수 (within a fraction of a second)

fragment n. 깨진 조각 (fragments of the vase)

 

*frater-= brother

fraternity n. 형제애; 남학생 동아리 (fraternity and sorority)

fraternal a. 형제의; 형제 같은 (have fraternal relations)

fratricidal a. 동족상잔의 6.25 (a fratricidal war *cid-= cut cf. insecticide)

 

*front-= forehead; face

effrontery n. 몰염치 (have the effrontery to ask for money *ef-<ex-= out)

confront v. 직면하다 (be confronted with danger *con-= together)

front n. 정면 (in front of the building)

frontier n. 미개척영역 (the frontiers of science)

frontal a. 정면의/ n. 앞이마; 건물의 정면 (the frontal of the house)

 

*fug-= run away

fugitive n. 도망자 (a fugitive soldier)

centrifugal a. 원심력의 (centrifugal force cf. center)

refuge n. 피난처 (take refuge *re-= away cf. remote)

refugee n. 피난민 (refugee camps)

fugacious a. 잎이 빨리 시드는 (fugacious trees)

 

*fum-= smoke; vapor

fume n. 연기; 증기 (the fumes of wine)

fumigate v. 훈연가공하다; 연기로 가공하다 (a fumigated food)

perfume n. 향수 (dab some perfume)

 

*funct-= perform

function n. 기능/ v. 기능을 행하다 (the various functions of soil)

malfunction n. 고장/ v. 고장 나다 (My computer malfunctions frequently. *mal-= bad cf. malign effect)

defunct a. 죽은 (the defunct *de-= no; do the opposite of)

perfunctory a. 마지못해 하는; 열의 없는 (perfunctory workers indifferent to the work *per-= perfect)

 

*fus-; fut-= melt; water

diffuse v. 확산되다; 두루 베풀다 (diffuse kindness *dif-<*dis-= scatter)

confuse v. 혼란시키다 (confuse liberty with license *con-= together)

effusive a. 흘러넘치는 (effusive rocks *ef-<ex-= out)

profuse a. 돈을 넘치게 쓰는 (a profuse spender *pro-= forward)

fuse v. 녹다/ 휴즈 (blow a fuse)

fusion n. 혼합 (a fusion administration)

 

futile a. 무익한 (a futile effort)

 

 

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